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Hemothorax is a buildup of blood in the pleural cavity. Learn about causes, symptoms, diagnosis, first aid and treatment. A complete guide.

Thrombophlebitis - inflammation of the venous wall with thrombus formation, most often affects the superficial veins of the lower extremities. Learn about causes, modern diagnostic methods and treatment.

Pathological tortuosity of the carotid arteries manifests as bends (kinking), loop-like curls (coiling), or spiral tortuosity of the vessel course. Learn more about the diagnosis and treatment.

Aberrant right subclavian artery is a frequent anomaly of the aortic arch (more often right). Learn about symptoms, classification, diagnosis and treatment.

Infective endocarditis is a dangerous inflammation of the inner lining of the heart with valve damage. Learn about etiology, pathogenesis, modern methods of diagnosis and treatment.

What is ptosis of the upper eyelid, or blepharoptosis? Learn more about the etiology (both congenital and neurogenic), severity, classification, and treatment options.

Pterygium: Classification, Clinical Manifestations, and Treatment. The article dwells on the severity of pterygium by its length and likelihood of proliferation. Learn more about the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment.

Carotid body paraganglioma (chemodectoma) is a rare, mostly benign tumor arising from the chemoreceptor cells of the carotid body located at the bifurcation of the common carotid artery.Epidemiology EtiologyGenetic mutations: Mutations in genes encoding subunits of the succinate dehydrogenase complex (SDH), which is involved in the mitochondrial respiratory chain and cellular metabolism, play a leading […]

Varicose veins (varicosis) is a condition where the vein wall becomes thinner, and the veins become unevenly expanded. Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment.

Aortic dissection (dissection) is a condition in which the inner wall of the aorta is torn, with blood flowing between its layers and creating a false channel. Causes, symptoms, treatment.