Femur anatomy quiz

1. Which part of the femur belongs to its proximal epiphysis?

• Medial condyle

  The proximal epiphysis of the femur includes the head (caput ossis femoris), neck, greater trochanter, and lesser trochanter. The condyles and epicondyles belong to the distal epiphysis.

• Patellar surface

  The proximal epiphysis of the femur includes the head (caput ossis femoris), neck, greater trochanter, and lesser trochanter. The condyles and epicondyles belong to the distal epiphysis.

• Head of femur

  The proximal epiphysis of the femur includes the head (caput ossis femoris), neck, greater trochanter, and lesser trochanter. The condyles and epicondyles belong to the distal epiphysis.

• Lateral epicondyle

  The proximal epiphysis of the femur includes the head (caput ossis femoris), neck, greater trochanter, and lesser trochanter. The condyles and epicondyles belong to the distal epiphysis.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The proximal epiphysis of the femur includes the head (caput ossis femoris), neck, greater trochanter, and lesser trochanter. The condyles and epicondyles belong to the distal epiphysis.

2. What is the normal angle between the axis of the femoral neck and the femoral shaft in an adult called?

• Angle of anteversion

  The angle between the axis of the femoral neck and the axis of the femoral shaft is called the neck–shaft (cervicodiaphyseal) angle. In adults, it is normally approximately 126–128°.

• Neck–shaft angle

  The angle between the axis of the femoral neck and the axis of the femoral shaft is called the neck–shaft (cervicodiaphyseal) angle. In adults, it is normally approximately 126–128°.

• Beimer angle

  The angle between the axis of the femoral neck and the axis of the femoral shaft is called the neck–shaft (cervicodiaphyseal) angle. In adults, it is normally approximately 126–128°.

• Epiphyseal angle

  The angle between the axis of the femoral neck and the axis of the femoral shaft is called the neck–shaft (cervicodiaphyseal) angle. In adults, it is normally approximately 126–128°.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The angle between the axis of the femoral neck and the axis of the femoral shaft is called the neck–shaft (cervicodiaphyseal) angle. In adults, it is normally approximately 126–128°.

3. Which anatomical structure connects the greater and lesser trochanters on the posterior surface of the femur?

• Intertrochanteric line

  On the posterior surface of the femur, the greater and lesser trochanters are connected by the intertrochanteric crest (crista intertrochanterica). The intertrochanteric line is located on the anterior surface.

• Pectineal line

  On the posterior surface of the femur, the greater and lesser trochanters are connected by the intertrochanteric crest (crista intertrochanterica). The intertrochanteric line is located on the anterior surface.

• Intertrochanteric crest

  On the posterior surface of the femur, the greater and lesser trochanters are connected by the intertrochanteric crest (crista intertrochanterica). The intertrochanteric line is located on the anterior surface.

• Gluteal tuberosity

  On the posterior surface of the femur, the greater and lesser trochanters are connected by the intertrochanteric crest (crista intertrochanterica). The intertrochanteric line is located on the anterior surface.

• I find it difficult to answer

  On the posterior surface of the femur, the greater and lesser trochanters are connected by the intertrochanteric crest (crista intertrochanterica). The intertrochanteric line is located on the anterior surface.

4. To which structure of the femur does the iliopsoas muscle attach?

• Greater trochanter

  The iliopsoas muscle (m. iliopsoas) attaches to the lesser trochanter (trochanter minor) of the femur.

• Gluteal tuberosity

  The iliopsoas muscle (m. iliopsoas) attaches to the lesser trochanter (trochanter minor) of the femur.

• Lesser trochanter

  The iliopsoas muscle (m. iliopsoas) attaches to the lesser trochanter (trochanter minor) of the femur.

• Pectineal line

  The iliopsoas muscle (m. iliopsoas) attaches to the lesser trochanter (trochanter minor) of the femur.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The iliopsoas muscle (m. iliopsoas) attaches to the lesser trochanter (trochanter minor) of the femur.

5. Where is the fovea of the femoral head (fovea capitis) located?

• At the center of the articular surface of the femoral head

  The fovea of the femoral head (fovea capitis femoris) is located at the center of the articular surface of the femoral head; the ligament of the head of the femur (lig. capitis femoris) attaches to it.

• On the femoral neck, medially

  The fovea of the femoral head (fovea capitis femoris) is located at the center of the articular surface of the femoral head; the ligament of the head of the femur (lig. capitis femoris) attaches to it.

• At the base of the trochanteric fossa

  The fovea of the femoral head (fovea capitis femoris) is located at the center of the articular surface of the femoral head; the ligament of the head of the femur (lig. capitis femoris) attaches to it.

• On the posterior surface of the greater trochanter

  The fovea of the femoral head (fovea capitis femoris) is located at the center of the articular surface of the femoral head; the ligament of the head of the femur (lig. capitis femoris) attaches to it.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The fovea of the femoral head (fovea capitis femoris) is located at the center of the articular surface of the femoral head; the ligament of the head of the femur (lig. capitis femoris) attaches to it.

6. Which muscle attaches to the gluteal tuberosity of the femur?

• Gluteus medius muscle

  The gluteus maximus muscle (m. gluteus maximus) attaches to the gluteal tuberosity (tuberositas glutea) on the posterior surface of the femoral shaft.

• Gluteus minimus muscle

  The gluteus maximus muscle (m. gluteus maximus) attaches to the gluteal tuberosity (tuberositas glutea) on the posterior surface of the femoral shaft.

• Gluteus maximus muscle

  The gluteus maximus muscle (m. gluteus maximus) attaches to the gluteal tuberosity (tuberositas glutea) on the posterior surface of the femoral shaft.

• Piriformis muscle

  The gluteus maximus muscle (m. gluteus maximus) attaches to the gluteal tuberosity (tuberositas glutea) on the posterior surface of the femoral shaft.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The gluteus maximus muscle (m. gluteus maximus) attaches to the gluteal tuberosity (tuberositas glutea) on the posterior surface of the femoral shaft.

7. What is the articular surface of the distal epiphysis of the femur that articulates with the patella called?

• Medial condyle

  The patellar surface (facies patellaris) is the articular surface on the anterior aspect of the distal epiphysis of the femur that articulates with the patella.

• Patellar surface

  The patellar surface (facies patellaris) is the articular surface on the anterior aspect of the distal epiphysis of the femur that articulates with the patella.

• Intercondylar fossa

  The patellar surface (facies patellaris) is the articular surface on the anterior aspect of the distal epiphysis of the femur that articulates with the patella.

• Lateral condyle

  The patellar surface (facies patellaris) is the articular surface on the anterior aspect of the distal epiphysis of the femur that articulates with the patella.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The patellar surface (facies patellaris) is the articular surface on the anterior aspect of the distal epiphysis of the femur that articulates with the patella.

8. On which surface of the shaft is the linea aspera (linea aspera) of the femur located?

• Anterior

  The linea aspera (linea aspera) is located on the posterior surface of the femoral shaft and serves as an attachment site for numerous muscles of the thigh.

• Lateral

  The linea aspera (linea aspera) is located on the posterior surface of the femoral shaft and serves as an attachment site for numerous muscles of the thigh.

• Medial

  The linea aspera (linea aspera) is located on the posterior surface of the femoral shaft and serves as an attachment site for numerous muscles of the thigh.

• Posterior

  The linea aspera (linea aspera) is located on the posterior surface of the femoral shaft and serves as an attachment site for numerous muscles of the thigh.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The linea aspera (linea aspera) is located on the posterior surface of the femoral shaft and serves as an attachment site for numerous muscles of the thigh.

9. Which of the following muscles attaches to the pectineal line (linea pectinea) of the femur?

• Sartorius muscle

  The pectineus muscle (m. pectineus) attaches to the pectineal line (linea pectinea), which is located on the posterior surface of the proximal femur below the lesser trochanter.

• Pectineus muscle

  The pectineus muscle (m. pectineus) attaches to the pectineal line (linea pectinea), which is located on the posterior surface of the proximal femur below the lesser trochanter.

• Rectus femoris

  The pectineus muscle (m. pectineus) attaches to the pectineal line (linea pectinea), which is located on the posterior surface of the proximal femur below the lesser trochanter.

• Biceps femoris muscle

  The pectineus muscle (m. pectineus) attaches to the pectineal line (linea pectinea), which is located on the posterior surface of the proximal femur below the lesser trochanter.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The pectineus muscle (m. pectineus) attaches to the pectineal line (linea pectinea), which is located on the posterior surface of the proximal femur below the lesser trochanter.

10. Which structure is located posteriorly between the medial and lateral condyles of the femur?

• Patellar surface

  The intercondylar fossa (fossa intercondylaris) is located posteriorly between the femoral condyles, and the cruciate ligaments of the knee joint originate within it.

• Popliteal surface

  The intercondylar fossa (fossa intercondylaris) is located posteriorly between the femoral condyles, and the cruciate ligaments of the knee joint originate within it.

• Intercondylar fossa

  The intercondylar fossa (fossa intercondylaris) is located posteriorly between the femoral condyles, and the cruciate ligaments of the knee joint originate within it.

• Intercondylar eminence

  The intercondylar fossa (fossa intercondylaris) is located posteriorly between the femoral condyles, and the cruciate ligaments of the knee joint originate within it.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The intercondylar fossa (fossa intercondylaris) is located posteriorly between the femoral condyles, and the cruciate ligaments of the knee joint originate within it.

11. The angle of anteversion of the femoral neck is the angle between the axis of the neck and:

• The frontal plane of the pelvis

  The angle of anteversion (angle of torsion) is the angle between the axis of the femoral neck and the transverse axis passing through the femoral condyles. In adults, it is normally approximately 10–15°.

• The transverse axis of the femoral condyles

  The angle of anteversion (angle of torsion) is the angle between the axis of the femoral neck and the transverse axis passing through the femoral condyles. In adults, it is normally approximately 10–15°.

• The sagittal plane of the body

  The angle of anteversion (angle of torsion) is the angle between the axis of the femoral neck and the transverse axis passing through the femoral condyles. In adults, it is normally approximately 10–15°.

• The vertical axis of the shaft

  The angle of anteversion (angle of torsion) is the angle between the axis of the femoral neck and the transverse axis passing through the femoral condyles. In adults, it is normally approximately 10–15°.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The angle of anteversion (angle of torsion) is the angle between the axis of the femoral neck and the transverse axis passing through the femoral condyles. In adults, it is normally approximately 10–15°.

12. To which structure of the femur does the gluteus medius muscle attach?

• Lesser trochanter

  The gluteus medius muscle (m. gluteus medius) attaches to the external surface of the greater trochanter (trochanter major) of the femur.

• Intertrochanteric crest

  The gluteus medius muscle (m. gluteus medius) attaches to the external surface of the greater trochanter (trochanter major) of the femur.

• Greater trochanter

  The gluteus medius muscle (m. gluteus medius) attaches to the external surface of the greater trochanter (trochanter major) of the femur.

• Gluteal tuberosity

  The gluteus medius muscle (m. gluteus medius) attaches to the external surface of the greater trochanter (trochanter major) of the femur.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The gluteus medius muscle (m. gluteus medius) attaches to the external surface of the greater trochanter (trochanter major) of the femur.

13. Which of the following structures of the femur is an attachment site for the rectus femoris muscle (m. rectus femoris)?

• Intertrochanteric line

  The rectus femoris muscle (m. rectus femoris) is part of the quadriceps femoris muscle and attaches via the common tendon to the base of the patella (and then via the patellar ligament to the tibial tuberosity).

• Base of the patella via the tendon

  The rectus femoris muscle (m. rectus femoris) is part of the quadriceps femoris muscle and attaches via the common tendon to the base of the patella (and then via the patellar ligament to the tibial tuberosity).

• Pectineal line

  The rectus femoris muscle (m. rectus femoris) is part of the quadriceps femoris muscle and attaches via the common tendon to the base of the patella (and then via the patellar ligament to the tibial tuberosity).

• Medial epicondyle

  The rectus femoris muscle (m. rectus femoris) is part of the quadriceps femoris muscle and attaches via the common tendon to the base of the patella (and then via the patellar ligament to the tibial tuberosity).

• I find it difficult to answer

  The rectus femoris muscle (m. rectus femoris) is part of the quadriceps femoris muscle and attaches via the common tendon to the base of the patella (and then via the patellar ligament to the tibial tuberosity).

14. What is the surface of the femoral neck that faces the cavity of the hip joint and is covered with articular cartilage called?

• Head of femur

  The femoral neck is not covered with articular cartilage. Only the femoral head (caput ossis femoris) is covered with cartilage, except for the fovea of the femoral head (fovea capitis).

• Trochanteric fossa

  The femoral neck is not covered with articular cartilage. Only the femoral head (caput ossis femoris) is covered with cartilage, except for the fovea of the femoral head (fovea capitis).

• The articular surface of the neck is not covered with cartilage

  The femoral neck is not covered with articular cartilage. Only the femoral head (caput ossis femoris) is covered with cartilage, except for the fovea of the femoral head (fovea capitis).

• Supra-alar surface

  The femoral neck is not covered with articular cartilage. Only the femoral head (caput ossis femoris) is covered with cartilage, except for the fovea of the femoral head (fovea capitis).

• I find it difficult to answer

  The femoral neck is not covered with articular cartilage. Only the femoral head (caput ossis femoris) is covered with cartilage, except for the fovea of the femoral head (fovea capitis).

15. The following collateral ligament of the knee joint attaches to the medial epicondyle of the femur:

• Anterior cruciate ligament

  The tibial (medial) collateral ligament of the knee joint (lig. collaterale tibiale) attaches to the medial epicondyle of the femur. The fibular collateral ligament attaches to the lateral epicondyle.

• Fibular collateral ligament

  The tibial (medial) collateral ligament of the knee joint (lig. collaterale tibiale) attaches to the medial epicondyle of the femur. The fibular collateral ligament attaches to the lateral epicondyle.

• Tibial collateral ligament

  The tibial (medial) collateral ligament of the knee joint (lig. collaterale tibiale) attaches to the medial epicondyle of the femur. The fibular collateral ligament attaches to the lateral epicondyle.

• Posterior cruciate ligament

  The tibial (medial) collateral ligament of the knee joint (lig. collaterale tibiale) attaches to the medial epicondyle of the femur. The fibular collateral ligament attaches to the lateral epicondyle.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The tibial (medial) collateral ligament of the knee joint (lig. collaterale tibiale) attaches to the medial epicondyle of the femur. The fibular collateral ligament attaches to the lateral epicondyle.

16. Distally, the linea aspera of the femur divides into two lips that bound the:

• Popliteal surface

  In the distal third of the thigh, the medial and lateral lips of the linea aspera diverge, bounding the triangular popliteal surface (facies poplitea) on the posterior aspect of the distal femur.

• Intercondylar fossa

  In the distal third of the thigh, the medial and lateral lips of the linea aspera diverge, bounding the triangular popliteal surface (facies poplitea) on the posterior aspect of the distal femur.

• Patellar surface

  In the distal third of the thigh, the medial and lateral lips of the linea aspera diverge, bounding the triangular popliteal surface (facies poplitea) on the posterior aspect of the distal femur.

• Trochanteric fossa

  In the distal third of the thigh, the medial and lateral lips of the linea aspera diverge, bounding the triangular popliteal surface (facies poplitea) on the posterior aspect of the distal femur.

• I find it difficult to answer

  In the distal third of the thigh, the medial and lateral lips of the linea aspera diverge, bounding the triangular popliteal surface (facies poplitea) on the posterior aspect of the distal femur.

17. What type of bone is the femoral shaft structurally?

• Cancellous bone

  The femoral shaft is a cylindrical rod formed by compact bone substance (substantia compacta), within which the medullary cavity is located. The femur as a whole is classified as a long tubular bone.

• Flat bone

  The femoral shaft is a cylindrical rod formed by compact bone substance (substantia compacta), within which the medullary cavity is located. The femur as a whole is classified as a long tubular bone.

• Compact tubular bone

  The femoral shaft is a cylindrical rod formed by compact bone substance (substantia compacta), within which the medullary cavity is located. The femur as a whole is classified as a long tubular bone.

• Mixed bone

  The femoral shaft is a cylindrical rod formed by compact bone substance (substantia compacta), within which the medullary cavity is located. The femur as a whole is classified as a long tubular bone.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The femoral shaft is a cylindrical rod formed by compact bone substance (substantia compacta), within which the medullary cavity is located. The femur as a whole is classified as a long tubular bone.

18. The trochanteric fossa (fossa trochanterica) is located on the:

• Anterior surface of the lesser trochanter

  The trochanteric fossa (fossa trochanterica) is a depression on the medial surface of the greater trochanter to which the external rotators of the thigh attach: the piriformis, obturator internus, and gemelli muscles.

• Medial surface of the greater trochanter

  The trochanteric fossa (fossa trochanterica) is a depression on the medial surface of the greater trochanter to which the external rotators of the thigh attach: the piriformis, obturator internus, and gemelli muscles.

• Posterior surface of the neck between the trochanters

  The trochanteric fossa (fossa trochanterica) is a depression on the medial surface of the greater trochanter to which the external rotators of the thigh attach: the piriformis, obturator internus, and gemelli muscles.

• Lateral surface of the greater trochanter

  The trochanteric fossa (fossa trochanterica) is a depression on the medial surface of the greater trochanter to which the external rotators of the thigh attach: the piriformis, obturator internus, and gemelli muscles.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The trochanteric fossa (fossa trochanterica) is a depression on the medial surface of the greater trochanter to which the external rotators of the thigh attach: the piriformis, obturator internus, and gemelli muscles.

19. Which femoral condyle projects farther inferiorly when the limb is in the neutral position?

• Both condyles project equally

  The medial condyle of the femur is longer and projects more distally than the lateral condyle. This compensates for the oblique orientation of the femur (physiological valgus), maintaining a horizontal knee joint space.

• Lateral condyle

  The medial condyle of the femur is longer and projects more distally than the lateral condyle. This compensates for the oblique orientation of the femur (physiological valgus), maintaining a horizontal knee joint space.

• Medial condyle

  The medial condyle of the femur is longer and projects more distally than the lateral condyle. This compensates for the oblique orientation of the femur (physiological valgus), maintaining a horizontal knee joint space.

• Posterior condyle

  The medial condyle of the femur is longer and projects more distally than the lateral condyle. This compensates for the oblique orientation of the femur (physiological valgus), maintaining a horizontal knee joint space.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The medial condyle of the femur is longer and projects more distally than the lateral condyle. This compensates for the oblique orientation of the femur (physiological valgus), maintaining a horizontal knee joint space.

20. Which structure of the femur corresponds to the anterior attachment site of the hip joint capsule?

• Intertrochanteric crest

  On the anterior surface of the femur, the hip joint capsule attaches along the intertrochanteric line (linea intertrochanterica). On the posterior surface, the capsule attaches approximately midway along the neck without reaching the intertrochanteric crest.

• Intertrochanteric line

  On the anterior surface of the femur, the hip joint capsule attaches along the intertrochanteric line (linea intertrochanterica). On the posterior surface, the capsule attaches approximately midway along the neck without reaching the intertrochanteric crest.

• Base of the neck on the posterior surface

  On the anterior surface of the femur, the hip joint capsule attaches along the intertrochanteric line (linea intertrochanterica). On the posterior surface, the capsule attaches approximately midway along the neck without reaching the intertrochanteric crest.

• Lesser trochanter

  On the anterior surface of the femur, the hip joint capsule attaches along the intertrochanteric line (linea intertrochanterica). On the posterior surface, the capsule attaches approximately midway along the neck without reaching the intertrochanteric crest.

• I find it difficult to answer

  On the anterior surface of the femur, the hip joint capsule attaches along the intertrochanteric line (linea intertrochanterica). On the posterior surface, the capsule attaches approximately midway along the neck without reaching the intertrochanteric crest.