{"id":218,"date":"2025-04-14T19:36:56","date_gmt":"2025-04-14T16:36:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/?post_type=diseases_post&#038;p=218"},"modified":"2026-03-11T15:52:29","modified_gmt":"2026-03-11T12:52:29","slug":"karies","status":"publish","type":"diseases_post","link":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ru\/bolezni\/stomatologiya\/karies\/","title":{"rendered":"\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u043e\u0432: \u044d\u0442\u0438\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f, \u0430\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0438\u044f, \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f, \u043a\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430, \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441\u00a0\u2014 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 <span class=\"glossary-term\" data-title=\"\u0414\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0443\u0431\u043e\u0432\" data-tooltip=\"\u0414\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0443\u0431\u043e\u0432 (\u043b\u0430\u0442. &lt;em&gt;demineralisatio&lt;\/em&gt;) \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u0432\u044b\u043c\u044b\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432 (\u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0446\u0438\u044f, \u0444\u043e\u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u0430) \u0438\u0437 \u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0442. \u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u044d\u0442\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u044d\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0435\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430.\" data-link=\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ru\/glossariy\/demineralizatsiya-zubov\/\">\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438<\/span> \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u043e\u0432.\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"%d0%ad%d1%82%d0%b8%d0%be%d0%bb%d0%be%d0%b3%d0%b8%d1%8f\">\u042d\u0442\u0438\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f<\/h2>\n<p>\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432: \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0444\u043b\u043e\u0440\u0430 <span class=\"glossary-term\" data-title=\"\u0417\u0443\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0442\" data-tooltip=\"\u0417\u0443\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0442 (\u043b\u0430\u0442. &lt;em&gt;placa dentalis&lt;\/em&gt;) \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043c\u044f\u0433\u043a\u0438\u0439, \u043b\u0438\u043f\u043a\u0438\u0439, \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0442, \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430. \u041e\u043d \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0443\u044e, \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0432, \u043f\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0445\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0441.\" data-link=\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ru\/glossariy\/zubnoy-nalet\/\">\u0437\u0443\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0430<\/span>, \u043b\u0435\u0433\u043a\u043e \u0444\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b \u043f\u0438\u0449\u0438, \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0438\u043c\u0447\u0438\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043a \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441\u0443 \u0437\u0443\u0431 \u0438 \u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f.<\/p>\n<p>\u041c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u044b \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u043e\u0432, \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430, \u0449\u0435\u043a \u0438 \u043f\u0438\u0449\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043d, \u0438 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0431\u0438\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0443, \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0437\u0443\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0442. \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0445, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043a\u0430\u043f\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0442.<\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0443\u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043b\u0435\u0433\u043a\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u0431\u0438\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0435 \u0443\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043b\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0433\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0444\u043b\u043e\u0440\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e \u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b \u043f\u0438\u0449\u0438 \u0441 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0442, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u044b\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u043d\u0438\u0437\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e pH. \u042d\u0442\u043e, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e, <em>Streptococcus mutans<\/em> \u0438 <em>Lactobacilli<\/em>, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 <em>Streptococcus sobrinus<\/em>, <em>Streptococcus oralis<\/em>, <em>Actinomyces israelii<\/em>, <em>Actinomyces gerencseriae<\/em>, <em>Bifidoba<\/em><em>cteria<\/em> \u0438 <em>Prevotella<\/em>. <em>Streptococcus mutans<\/em> \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0435\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438- \u0438 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u043a\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u0435\u0439\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0445\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0434\u044b (\u0433\u043b\u044e\u043a\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0438 \u0444\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0430\u043d\u044b), \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0443\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0431\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0439 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u043e\u0432.<\/p>\n<p>\u0417\u0443\u0431\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043e\u043c\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043b\u044e\u043d\u043e\u0439, \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430. \u0421\u043b\u044e\u043d\u0430 \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0447\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0439 \u0431\u0443\u0444\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0435\u043c\u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 pH \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0442\u0430. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0439\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445 pH (\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e 7) \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u044b \u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 (\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430) \u0438 <span class=\"glossary-term\" data-title=\"\u0420\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0443\u0431\u043e\u0432\" data-tooltip=\"\u0420\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0443\u0431\u043e\u0432 (\u043b\u0430\u0442. &lt;em&gt;remineralisatio&lt;\/em&gt;) \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u044d\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0447\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0446\u0438\u044f, \u0444\u043e\u0441\u0444\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u0444\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u043b\u044e\u043d\u044b \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0440\u0435\u0448\u0435\u0442\u043a\u0443 \u044d\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438. \" data-link=\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ru\/glossariy\/remineralizatsiya-zubov\/\">\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438<\/span> (\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430) <span class=\"glossary-term\" data-title=\"\u042d\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430\" data-tooltip=\"\u042d\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430 (\u043b\u0430\u0442. &lt;em&gt;enamelum&lt;\/em&gt;) \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u044f\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0449\u0438\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430. \u041e\u043d\u0430 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u043a\u0430\u043d\u044c\u044e \u0432 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430, \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u043d\u0430 96\u201397% \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0438\u043c\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0433\u0438\u0434\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0430\u043f\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0430.\" data-link=\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ru\/glossariy\/emal-zuba\/\">\u044d\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438<\/span> \u0438 <span class=\"glossary-term\" data-title=\"\u0414\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\" data-tooltip=\"\u0414\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d (\u043b\u0430\u0442. &lt;em&gt;dentinum&lt;\/em&gt;) \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u0430\u044f \u043a\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0446\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0442\u043a\u0430\u043d\u044c, \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u043c \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430. \u041e\u043d \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0436\u0435\u043d \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u044d\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u044e \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0446\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044f \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430, \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0436\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043f\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043a\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0443 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044b. \u041f\u043e \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u043c \u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043c \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u043d\u043e \u044d\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u044d\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438.\" data-link=\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ru\/glossariy\/dentin\/\">\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430<\/span> \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0438\u0438.<\/p>\n<p>\u041c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043c \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u0438\u0449\u0438 (\u0433\u043b\u044e\u043a\u043e\u0437\u0430, \u0444\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0437\u0430, \u0441\u0430\u0445\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0430, \u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u0442\u043e\u0437\u0430 \u0438 \u0434\u0440.) \u0431\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043a \u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u0441\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e pH.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 pH \u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0438\u0437\u043a\u043e (5,2\u20135,5), \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044b \u0438\u0437 \u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u044f \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0442\u044b (\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f)\u00a0\u2014 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441\u0430.<\/p>\n<p>\u0427\u0435\u043c \u0447\u0430\u0449\u0435 \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0442\u0430 \u0441 \u043f\u0438\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u0447\u0435\u043c \u0434\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u043f\u0438\u0449\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u043e\u0432, \u0442\u0435\u043c \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u0431\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0442 \u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0442\u044b, \u0442\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f pH \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u044d\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438. \u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u043d\u0443\u0432 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043c\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0442\u044b, \u0431\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c. \u0412 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435 \u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0442 (\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d) \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u0441\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0432 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0442\u0443 \u0438 \u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0437\u0430 \u0441\u0447\u0435\u0442 \u0443\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0433\u0438\u0433\u0438\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u0430\u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430. \u0421\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0444\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 (\u0444\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0434) \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430\u043c \u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0434\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044e, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0441\u043d\u0438\u0436\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u044d\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u0443\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0435\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439\u0447\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043a \u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430\u043c.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"%d0%9a%d0%bb%d0%b0%d1%81%d1%81%d0%b8%d1%84%d0%b8%d0%ba%d0%b0%d1%86%d0%b8%d1%8f-%d0%ba%d0%b0%d1%80%d0%b8%d0%b5%d1%81%d0%b0\">\u041a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441\u0430<\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"%d0%9f%d0%be-%d0%b3%d0%bb%d1%83%d0%b1%d0%b8%d0%bd%d0%b5-%d0%bf%d0%be%d1%80%d0%b0%d0%b6%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%b8%d1%8f-%d1%80%d0%b5%d0%bd%d1%82%d0%b3%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%be%d0%bb%d0%be%d0%b3%d0%b8%d1%87%d0%b5%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b0%d1%8f-%d0%ba%d0%bb%d0%b0%d1%81%d1%81%d0%b8%d1%84%d0%b8%d0%ba%d0%b0%d1%86%d0%b8%d1%8f\">\u041f\u043e \u0433\u043b\u0443\u0431\u0438\u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f (\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0433\u0435\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f):<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>E1<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u044d\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438;<\/li>\n<li><strong>E2<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0432\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0439 \u044d\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438;<\/li>\n<li><strong>D1<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430 (\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430);<\/li>\n<li><strong>D2<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044f\u044f \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430 (\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441);<\/li>\n<li><strong>D3<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u043d\u0430\u044f, \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u044f\u044f \u0438 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f\u044f \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0443 \u043f\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043f\u044b (\u0433\u043b\u0443\u0431\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/catalog.voka.io\/ru\/models\/3ed27118-f048-4865-b4ec-042c2caa7e2f\/77db459e-972a-4660-9f60-cf1397a94405\/f7361959-43dc-45f3-abc2-cd18e539c25c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">3D-\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438<\/a> \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0433\u0435\u043d\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438:<\/p>\n<div class=\"carousel-block\">\n<div class=\"swiper carousel-swiper carousel-swiper-block_69ee79c8dcc6d\">\n<div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"swiper-slide\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"carousel-image\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/articles\/Otorhinolaryngology\/Dental%20caries%3A%20etiology%2C%20anatomy%2C%20classification%2C%20clinical%20picture%2C%20treatment\/1-E1.webp\" alt=\"\u0421\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0438\u044f E1\"><span class=\"small-text-article text-main-text-color\">\u0421\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0438\u044f E1<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"swiper-slide\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"carousel-image\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/articles\/Otorhinolaryngology\/Dental%20caries%3A%20etiology%2C%20anatomy%2C%20classification%2C%20clinical%20picture%2C%20treatment\/2-E2.webp\" alt=\"\u0421\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0438\u044f E2\"><span class=\"small-text-article text-main-text-color\">\u0421\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0438\u044f E2<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"swiper-slide\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"carousel-image\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/articles\/Otorhinolaryngology\/Dental%20caries%3A%20etiology%2C%20anatomy%2C%20classification%2C%20clinical%20picture%2C%20treatment\/3-D1.webp\" alt=\"\u0421\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0438\u044f D1\"><span class=\"small-text-article text-main-text-color\">\u0421\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0438\u044f D1<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"swiper-slide\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"carousel-image\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/articles\/Otorhinolaryngology\/Dental%20caries%3A%20etiology%2C%20anatomy%2C%20classification%2C%20clinical%20picture%2C%20treatment\/4-D2.webp\" alt=\"\u0421\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0438\u044f D2\"><span class=\"small-text-article text-main-text-color\">\u0421\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0438\u044f D2<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"swiper-slide\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"carousel-image\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/articles\/Otorhinolaryngology\/Dental%20caries%3A%20etiology%2C%20anatomy%2C%20classification%2C%20clinical%20picture%2C%20treatment\/5-D3.webp\" alt=\"\u0421\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0438\u044f D3\"><span class=\"small-text-article text-main-text-color\">\u0421\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0438\u044f D3<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"swiper-article-carousel__controls\">\n<div class=\"swiper-article-carousel__pagination-container swiper-article-carousel__pagination-container-block_69ee79c8dcc6d\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"swiper-article-carousel__arrows\"><button class=\"swiper__arrow swiper__arrow--prev carousel-swiper-button-prev swiper__arrow swiper__arrow--prev carousel-swiper-button-prev-block_69ee79c8dcc6d\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" viewbox=\"0 0 40 40\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M20 3.75C16.7861 3.75 13.6443 4.70305 10.972 6.48862C8.29969 8.27419 6.21689 10.8121 4.98696 13.7814C3.75704 16.7507 3.43524 20.018 4.06225 23.1702C4.68926 26.3224 6.23692 29.2179 8.50952 31.4905C10.7821 33.7631 13.6776 35.3107 16.8298 35.9378C19.982 36.5648 23.2493 36.243 26.2186 35.013C29.1879 33.7831 31.7258 31.7003 33.5114 29.028C35.297 26.3557 36.25 23.2139 36.25 20C36.2455 15.6916 34.5319 11.561 31.4855 8.51454C28.439 5.46806 24.3084 3.75455 20 3.75ZM23.3844 25.3656C23.5005 25.4818 23.5926 25.6196 23.6555 25.7714C23.7184 25.9231 23.7507 26.0858 23.7507 26.25C23.7507 26.4142 23.7184 26.5769 23.6555 26.7286C23.5926 26.8804 23.5005 27.0182 23.3844 27.1344C23.2682 27.2505 23.1304 27.3426 22.9786 27.4055C22.8269 27.4683 22.6643 27.5007 22.5 27.5007C22.3358 27.5007 22.1731 27.4683 22.0214 27.4055C21.8696 27.3426 21.7318 27.2505 21.6156 27.1344L15.3656 20.8844C15.2494 20.7683 15.1572 20.6304 15.0943 20.4787C15.0314 20.3269 14.999 20.1643 14.999 20C14.999 19.8357 15.0314 19.6731 15.0943 19.5213C15.1572 19.3696 15.2494 19.2317 15.3656 19.1156L21.6156 12.8656C21.7318 12.7495 21.8696 12.6574 22.0214 12.5945C22.1731 12.5317 22.3358 12.4993 22.5 12.4993C22.6643 12.4993 22.8269 12.5317 22.9786 12.5945C23.1304 12.6574 23.2682 12.7495 23.3844 12.8656C23.5005 12.9818 23.5926 13.1196 23.6555 13.2714C23.7184 13.4231 23.7507 13.5858 23.7507 13.75C23.7507 13.9142 23.7184 14.0769 23.6555 14.2286C23.5926 14.3804 23.5005 14.5182 23.3844 14.6344L18.0172 20L23.3844 25.3656Z\" fill=\"#B5C0CD\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button><button class=\"swiper__arrow swiper__arrow--next carousel-swiper-button-next swiper__arrow swiper__arrow--next carousel-swiper-button-next-block_69ee79c8dcc6d\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Next slide\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" viewbox=\"0 0 40 40\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M20 3.75C16.7861 3.75 13.6443 4.70305 10.972 6.48862C8.29969 8.27419 6.21689 10.8121 4.98696 13.7814C3.75704 16.7507 3.43524 20.018 4.06225 23.1702C4.68926 26.3224 6.23692 29.2179 8.50952 31.4905C10.7821 33.7631 13.6776 35.3107 16.8298 35.9378C19.982 36.5648 23.2493 36.243 26.2186 35.013C29.1879 33.7831 31.7258 31.7003 33.5114 29.028C35.297 26.3557 36.25 23.2139 36.25 20C36.2455 15.6916 34.5319 11.561 31.4855 8.51454C28.439 5.46806 24.3084 3.75455 20 3.75ZM23.3844 25.3656C23.5005 25.4818 23.5926 25.6196 23.6555 25.7714C23.7184 25.9231 23.7507 26.0858 23.7507 26.25C23.7507 26.4142 23.7184 26.5769 23.6555 26.7286C23.5926 26.8804 23.5005 27.0182 23.3844 27.1344C23.2682 27.2505 23.1304 27.3426 22.9786 27.4055C22.8269 27.4683 22.6643 27.5007 22.5 27.5007C22.3358 27.5007 22.1731 27.4683 22.0214 27.4055C21.8696 27.3426 21.7318 27.2505 21.6156 27.1344L15.3656 20.8844C15.2494 20.7683 15.1572 20.6304 15.0943 20.4787C15.0314 20.3269 14.999 20.1643 14.999 20C14.999 19.8357 15.0314 19.6731 15.0943 19.5213C15.1572 19.3696 15.2494 19.2317 15.3656 19.1156L21.6156 12.8656C21.7318 12.7495 21.8696 12.6574 22.0214 12.5945C22.1731 12.5317 22.3358 12.4993 22.5 12.4993C22.6643 12.4993 22.8269 12.5317 22.9786 12.5945C23.1304 12.6574 23.2682 12.7495 23.3844 12.8656C23.5005 12.9818 23.5926 13.1196 23.6555 13.2714C23.7184 13.4231 23.7507 13.5858 23.7507 13.75C23.7507 13.9142 23.7184 14.0769 23.6555 14.2286C23.5926 14.3804 23.5005 14.5182 23.3844 14.6344L18.0172 20L23.3844 25.3656Z\" fill=\"#B5C0CD\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><script defer>\n    document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {\n        const imagesCarouselSwiper = new Swiper('.carousel-swiper-block_69ee79c8dcc6d', {\n            slidesPerView: 1,\n            spaceBetween: 20,\n            loop: true,\n            pagination: {\n                el: '.swiper-article-carousel__pagination-container-block_69ee79c8dcc6d',\n                clickable: true,\n            },\n            navigation: {\n                nextEl: '.carousel-swiper-button-next-block_69ee79c8dcc6d',\n                prevEl: '.carousel-swiper-button-prev-block_69ee79c8dcc6d',\n            },\n        })\n    })\n<\/script><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"%d0%9f%d0%be-%d0%bb%d0%be%d0%ba%d0%b0%d0%bb%d0%b8%d0%b7%d0%b0%d1%86%d0%b8%d0%b8-%d0%bf%d0%be%d1%80%d0%b0%d0%b6%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%b8%d1%8f-%d0%ba%d0%bb%d0%b0%d1%81%d1%81%d0%b8%d1%84%d0%b8%d0%ba%d0%b0%d1%86%d0%b8%d1%8f-%d0%91%d0%bb%d1%8d%d0%ba%d0%b0\"><strong>\u041f\u043e \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f (\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0411\u043b\u044d\u043a\u0430):<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>I \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 \u0432 \u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445 (\u044f\u043c\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0444\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0443\u0440\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u043a\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0437\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0436\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u043e\u0432, \u0441\u043b\u0435\u043f\u044b\u0435 \u044f\u043c\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0446\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u043a\u043b\u044b\u043a\u0430\u0445);<\/li>\n<li><strong>II \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 (\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445) \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044f\u0445 \u0436\u0435\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u043e\u0432;<\/li>\n<li><strong>III \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 (\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445) \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044f\u0445 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u043e\u0432 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0432\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0440\u0430\u044f;<\/li>\n<li><strong>IV \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 (\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445) \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044f\u0445 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0432\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0436\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0440\u0430\u044f;<\/li>\n<li><strong>V \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0448\u0435\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u043e\u0432.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/catalog.voka.io\/ru\/models\/3ed27118-f048-4865-b4ec-042c2caa7e2f\/77db459e-972a-4660-9f60-cf1397a94405\/8b58034b-660d-45ed-b918-dad64ba752cb\/a925c233-3474-45f5-acb9-74aefd0b6ea8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">3D-\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438<\/a> \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0411\u043b\u044d\u043a\u0430:<\/p>\n<div class=\"carousel-block\">\n<div class=\"swiper carousel-swiper carousel-swiper-block_69ee79c8de2d5\">\n<div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n<div 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text-main-text-color\">\u041f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c II \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430 <\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"swiper-slide\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"carousel-image\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/articles\/Otorhinolaryngology\/Dental%20caries%3A%20etiology%2C%20anatomy%2C%20classification%2C%20clinical%20picture%2C%20treatment\/8-Class_III.webp\" alt=\"\u041f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c III \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430 \"><span class=\"small-text-article text-main-text-color\">\u041f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c III \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430 <\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"swiper-slide\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"carousel-image\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/articles\/Otorhinolaryngology\/Dental%20caries%3A%20etiology%2C%20anatomy%2C%20classification%2C%20clinical%20picture%2C%20treatment\/9-Class_IV.webp\" alt=\"\u041f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c IV \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430 \"><span class=\"small-text-article text-main-text-color\">\u041f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c IV \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430 <\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"swiper-slide\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"carousel-image\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/articles\/Otorhinolaryngology\/Dental%20caries%3A%20etiology%2C%20anatomy%2C%20classification%2C%20clinical%20picture%2C%20treatment\/10-Class_V.webp\" alt=\"\u041f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c V \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430 \"><span class=\"small-text-article text-main-text-color\">\u041f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c V \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430 <\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"swiper-article-carousel__controls\">\n<div class=\"swiper-article-carousel__pagination-container swiper-article-carousel__pagination-container-block_69ee79c8de2d5\"><\/div>\n<div 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27.2505 23.1304 27.3426 22.9786 27.4055C22.8269 27.4683 22.6643 27.5007 22.5 27.5007C22.3358 27.5007 22.1731 27.4683 22.0214 27.4055C21.8696 27.3426 21.7318 27.2505 21.6156 27.1344L15.3656 20.8844C15.2494 20.7683 15.1572 20.6304 15.0943 20.4787C15.0314 20.3269 14.999 20.1643 14.999 20C14.999 19.8357 15.0314 19.6731 15.0943 19.5213C15.1572 19.3696 15.2494 19.2317 15.3656 19.1156L21.6156 12.8656C21.7318 12.7495 21.8696 12.6574 22.0214 12.5945C22.1731 12.5317 22.3358 12.4993 22.5 12.4993C22.6643 12.4993 22.8269 12.5317 22.9786 12.5945C23.1304 12.6574 23.2682 12.7495 23.3844 12.8656C23.5005 12.9818 23.5926 13.1196 23.6555 13.2714C23.7184 13.4231 23.7507 13.5858 23.7507 13.75C23.7507 13.9142 23.7184 14.0769 23.6555 14.2286C23.5926 14.3804 23.5005 14.5182 23.3844 14.6344L18.0172 20L23.3844 25.3656Z\" fill=\"#B5C0CD\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button><button class=\"swiper__arrow swiper__arrow--next carousel-swiper-button-next swiper__arrow swiper__arrow--next 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27.4683 22.0214 27.4055C21.8696 27.3426 21.7318 27.2505 21.6156 27.1344L15.3656 20.8844C15.2494 20.7683 15.1572 20.6304 15.0943 20.4787C15.0314 20.3269 14.999 20.1643 14.999 20C14.999 19.8357 15.0314 19.6731 15.0943 19.5213C15.1572 19.3696 15.2494 19.2317 15.3656 19.1156L21.6156 12.8656C21.7318 12.7495 21.8696 12.6574 22.0214 12.5945C22.1731 12.5317 22.3358 12.4993 22.5 12.4993C22.6643 12.4993 22.8269 12.5317 22.9786 12.5945C23.1304 12.6574 23.2682 12.7495 23.3844 12.8656C23.5005 12.9818 23.5926 13.1196 23.6555 13.2714C23.7184 13.4231 23.7507 13.5858 23.7507 13.75C23.7507 13.9142 23.7184 14.0769 23.6555 14.2286C23.5926 14.3804 23.5005 14.5182 23.3844 14.6344L18.0172 20L23.3844 25.3656Z\" fill=\"#B5C0CD\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><script defer>\n    document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {\n        const imagesCarouselSwiper = new Swiper('.carousel-swiper-block_69ee79c8de2d5', {\n            slidesPerView: 1,\n            spaceBetween: 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\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f I \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0411\u043b\u044d\u043a\u0443<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"swiper-slide\"><video controls class=\"carousel-video\"><source data-src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/articles\/en\/dentistry\/caries\/carious-lesion-class-ii-by-gv-black.webm\" type=\"video\/webm\"><\/source><\/video><span class=\"small-text-article text-main-text-color\">3D-\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u2014 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 II \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0411\u043b\u044d\u043a\u0443<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"swiper-slide\"><video controls class=\"carousel-video\"><source 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\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f IV \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0411\u043b\u044d\u043a\u0443<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"swiper-slide\"><video controls class=\"carousel-video\"><source data-src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/articles\/en\/dentistry\/caries\/carious-lesions-class-v-by-gv-black.webm\" type=\"video\/webm\"><\/source><\/video><span class=\"small-text-article text-main-text-color\">3D-\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u2014 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f V \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0430 \u043f\u043e \u0411\u043b\u044d\u043a\u0443<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"swiper-article-video-carousel__controls\">\n<div class=\"swiper-article-video-carousel__pagination-container swiper-article-video-carousel__pagination-container-block_69ee79c8de7eb\"><\/div>\n<div 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27.4683 22.0214 27.4055C21.8696 27.3426 21.7318 27.2505 21.6156 27.1344L15.3656 20.8844C15.2494 20.7683 15.1572 20.6304 15.0943 20.4787C15.0314 20.3269 14.999 20.1643 14.999 20C14.999 19.8357 15.0314 19.6731 15.0943 19.5213C15.1572 19.3696 15.2494 19.2317 15.3656 19.1156L21.6156 12.8656C21.7318 12.7495 21.8696 12.6574 22.0214 12.5945C22.1731 12.5317 22.3358 12.4993 22.5 12.4993C22.6643 12.4993 22.8269 12.5317 22.9786 12.5945C23.1304 12.6574 23.2682 12.7495 23.3844 12.8656C23.5005 12.9818 23.5926 13.1196 23.6555 13.2714C23.7184 13.4231 23.7507 13.5858 23.7507 13.75C23.7507 13.9142 23.7184 14.0769 23.6555 14.2286C23.5926 14.3804 23.5005 14.5182 23.3844 14.6344L18.0172 20L23.3844 25.3656Z\" fill=\"#B5C0CD\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><script defer>\n    document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {\n        const videosCarouselSwiper = new Swiper('.video-carousel-swiper-block_69ee79c8de7eb', {\n            slidesPerView: 1,\n            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id=\"%d0%9f%d0%be-%d0%b2%d0%b8%d0%b4%d1%83-%d0%bf%d0%be%d1%80%d0%b0%d0%b6%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%bd%d0%be%d0%b9-%d1%82%d0%ba%d0%b0%d0%bd%d0%b8-%d0%b7%d1%83%d0%b1%d0%b0-%d0%b3%d0%b8%d1%81%d1%82%d0%be%d0%bb%d0%be%d0%b3%d0%b8%d1%87%d0%b5%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b0%d1%8f-%d0%ba%d0%bb%d0%b0%d1%81%d1%81%d0%b8%d1%84%d0%b8%d0%ba%d0%b0%d1%86%d0%b8%d1%8f\"><strong><strong>\u041f\u043e \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0438 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430<\/strong> (\u0433\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f):<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441 \u044d\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438;<\/li>\n<li>\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430;<\/li>\n<li>\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441 \u0446\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"%d0%9f%d0%be-%d1%81%d0%bf%d0%be%d1%81%d0%be%d0%b1%d1%83-%d0%b2%d0%be%d0%b7%d0%bd%d0%b8%d0%ba%d0%bd%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%b8%d1%8f\"><strong>\u041f\u043e \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0443 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441<\/strong> \u2014 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430\u0445 \u0431\u0435\u0437 <span class=\"glossary-term\" data-title=\"\u0420\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430\" data-tooltip=\"\u0420\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430 (\u043b\u0430\u0442. &lt;em&gt;restauratio&lt;\/em&gt; \u2014 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435) \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u0438\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0432 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0435, \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0445\u0441\u044f \u0432\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043c\u044b. \u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0447\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430 \u2014 \u0432\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0430\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u044b, \u0444\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0433\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0442\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430.\" data-link=\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ru\/glossariy\/restavratsiya-zuba\/\">\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0439<\/span>;<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0412\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441<\/strong> \u2014 \u0440\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0434\u0438\u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"%d0%90%d0%bd%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%be%d0%bc%d0%b8%d1%8f\">\u0410\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0438\u044f<\/h2>\n<p>\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043d\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0440\u0442\u0430: \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u044d\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438, \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0446\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u044f, \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0435. \u0427\u0430\u0449\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0443\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u2014 \u0432 \u044f\u043c\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u0444\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0430\u0445, \u043d\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044f\u0445 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u043e\u0432, \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0448\u0435\u0435\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0430 \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u0438\u0433\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441\u043e\u043c \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u00ab\u0438\u043c\u043c\u0443\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043e\u043d\u044b\u00bb\u00a0\u2014 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0437\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u044d\u043a\u0432\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u0431\u0443\u0433\u0440\u044b.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"%d0%9a%d0%b0%d1%80%d0%b8%d0%b5%d1%81-%d1%8d%d0%bc%d0%b0%d0%bb%d0%b8\">\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441 \u044d\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438<\/h3>\n<p>\u041d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0443\u0448\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430 \u044d\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c \u043c\u0430\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439, \u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d \u043e\u0447\u0430\u0433 \u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0431\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u044f\u0442\u043d\u0430 (\u04151). \u041d\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0438 (E2) \u0431\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u044f\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u044d\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438. \u041f\u044f\u0442\u043d\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0442\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0438\u0449\u0435\u0432\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438. \u0412 \u044d\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u0438\u0434 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0443\u0441\u0430 \u0441 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0439, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a \u044d\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e-\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e (\u042d\u0414\u0421). \u041a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u042d\u0414\u0421 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0432 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d, \u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0435\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043e\u0447\u0430\u0433\u0430 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0445\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043a.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"%d0%9a%d0%b0%d1%80%d0%b8%d0%b5%d1%81-%d0%b4%d0%b5%d0%bd%d1%82%d0%b8%d0%bd%d0%b0\">\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430<\/h3>\n<p>\u0414\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u044d\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c \u0432 \u0437\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0446\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 (\u043f\u0441\u0435\u0432\u0434\u043e-\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u044d\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c), \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u044f\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044f \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e 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\u041c\u0430\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0430\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u0437\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043c\u044f\u0433\u043a\u0438\u043c, \u043b\u0438\u043f\u043a\u0438\u043c, \u0436\u0435\u043b\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u043e-\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0435\u0432\u044b\u043c \u043d\u0435\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043c, \u043b\u0435\u0433\u043a\u043e \u0441\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438. \u0412 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0435\u043c\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0447\u0430\u0433\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-video\" id=\"3d-%d0%b0%d0%bd%d0%b8%d0%bc%d0%b0%d1%86%d0%b8%d1%8f-%d1%80%d0%b5%d0%bd%d1%82%d0%b3%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%be%d0%bb%d0%be%d0%b3%d0%b8%d1%87%d0%b5%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b5-%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%b8%d0%b8-%d0%ba%d0%b0%d1%80%d0%b8%d0%b5%d1%81%d0%b0\"><video controls><source data-src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/articles\/en\/dentistry\/caries\/radiographic-stages-of-caries.webm\" type=\"video\/webm\"><\/source><\/video><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">3D-\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u2014 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\u0446\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u043b\u044b\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u044e\u0441\u0442\u0438\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u0420\u0435\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0441\u043d\u044b \u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441 \u0446\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043a\u043b\u044b\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u044e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u2014 <a href=\"https:\/\/catalog.voka.io\/ru\/models\/3ed27118-f048-4865-b4ec-042c2caa7e2f\/77db459e-972a-4660-9f60-cf1397a94405\/ba06d575-0f94-4c25-927c-36a90a89af5e\/ebf8ec47-2f41-4e8a-8c6c-664d602361c3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">3D-\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"%d0%92%d1%82%d0%be%d1%80%d0%b8%d1%87%d0%bd%d1%8b%d0%b9-%d0%ba%d0%b0%d1%80%d0%b8%d0%b5%d1%81\">\u0412\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441<\/h3>\n<p>\u0412\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043f\u044f\u0442\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0442\u043a\u0430\u043d\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430 \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u0441 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u042d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0432\u0438\u0434 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u0442 \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430 \u044d\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u00ab\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e\u00bb \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e. \u041f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0447\u0430\u0433 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0445\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u044d\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0437\u043c \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u042d\u0414\u0421 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e \u0445\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043a. \u00ab\u0421\u0442\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0435\u00bb \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u0443\u0437\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0449\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u0432 \u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0435\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0443\u044e\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0445\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0435\u043a \u0438 \u0432 \u043b\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/articles\/Otorhinolaryngology\/Dental%20caries%3A%20etiology%2C%20anatomy%2C%20classification%2C%20clinical%20picture%2C%20treatment\/12-Secondary.webp\" alt=\"\u0412\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0438\u0436\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u044e\u0441\u0442\u0438\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u0412\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0440\u0430 \u043d\u0438\u0436\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0447\u0435\u043b\u044e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u2014 <a href=\"https:\/\/catalog.voka.io\/ru\/models\/3ed27118-f048-4865-b4ec-042c2caa7e2f\/77db459e-972a-4660-9f60-cf1397a94405\/47b359bf-78a8-4f05-8b63-9371292f05c7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">3D-\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"%d0%94%d0%b8%d0%b0%d0%b3%d0%bd%d0%be%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b8%d0%ba%d0%b0\"><strong>\u0414\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430<\/strong><\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"%d0%9e%d1%81%d0%bd%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%bd%d1%8b%d0%b5-%d0%bc%d0%b5%d1%82%d0%be%d0%b4%d1%8b\"><strong>\u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u044b:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0412\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u044f\u0442\u043d\u0430 \u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044f\u0445. \u0412 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0441 \u043e\u043a\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0437\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u043a\u0432\u043e\u0437\u044c \u043d\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u044d\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0447\u0438\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u043e\u0432 \u043e\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0438\u0445 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0443\u0448\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u041f\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0438\u044f<\/strong> \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0417\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0433\u043b\u0443\u0431\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0438 \u0440\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0435\u0444\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u042d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0437\u043d\u0435\u043d \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441\u0435 \u044d\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438, \u043d\u043e \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u042d\u0414\u0421 (\u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u043c \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441\u0435) \u0438 \u0434\u043d\u0430 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 (\u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0433\u043b\u0443\u0431\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441\u0435).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"%d0%94%d0%be%d0%bf%d0%be%d0%bb%d0%bd%d0%b8%d1%82%d0%b5%d0%bb%d1%8c%d0%bd%d1%8b%d0%b5-%d0%bc%d0%b5%d1%82%d0%be%d0%b4%d1%8b\"><strong>\u0414\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u044b:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0420\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0433\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0433\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0435 \u0432 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u044d\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438 (E1, E2), \u043d\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0439, \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430 (D1\u2013D3). \u0418\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0440\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0433\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f, \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0437\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f, bite-wing \u0440\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0433\u0435\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f (\u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u043a\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0437\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438 \u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441\u0430), \u043e\u0440\u0442\u043e\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f (\u041e\u041f\u0422\u0413), \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0443\u0441\u043d\u043e-\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0435\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u044c\u044e\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0442\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f (\u041a\u041b\u041a\u0422).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0422\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0443\u0445\u0430, \u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0439, \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0438 \u0433\u0443\u0442\u0442\u0430\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0447\u0438. \u0420\u0435\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043d\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0438\u0441\u0447\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u0436\u0435 \u043b\u0438\u0431\u043e \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0424\u0438\u0431\u0440\u043e\u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0441\u0438\u043b\u043b\u044e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f (FOTI)<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u043e\u0432 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0442, \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u044f\u0442\u043d\u043e.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u041a\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043b\u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0444\u043b\u044e\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0446\u0435\u043d\u0446\u0438\u044f<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 \u0437\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441\u043e\u043c \u0442\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0438 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u043b\u0430\u0437\u0435\u0440\u0430 \u0444\u043b\u0443\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0446\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0434\u043b\u0438\u043d\u044b.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u042d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0440\u0438\u044f<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 \u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u043d\u0438\u0437\u043a\u0438\u043c \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0441\u043e \u0437\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c\u0438 (\u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u043a\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0437\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0412\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0437\u0443\u0431\u043e\u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0446\u0430\u043c\u0438<\/strong> (\u0434\u043b\u044f \u0432\u0438\u0437\u0443\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u041e\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong>\u00a0\u2014 \u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u044d\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0435\u043d \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u043f\u0438\u0442\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0432 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442 \u0437\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0439.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"%d0%9a%d0%bb%d0%b8%d0%bd%d0%b8%d1%87%d0%b5%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d0%b5-%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%be%d1%8f%d0%b2%d0%bb%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%b8%d1%8f\"><strong>\u041a\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441 \u044d\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438 (E1, E2) \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0436\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0431, \u043f\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c \u044d\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442. \u041a\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0431\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0438\u0433\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043f\u044f\u0442\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438.<\/p>\n<p>\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430 (D1\u2013D3), \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441 \u0446\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430, \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441 \u2014 \u0436\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0431\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0433\u0443\u0442 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c, \u043f\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0432 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0435 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u044d\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442, \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0432 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0435 \u043e\u0442 \u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445, \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445, \u043c\u0435\u0445\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439, \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0438\u0449\u0438 \u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0438\u0442\u0438. \u041a\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f: \u043f\u0438\u0433\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u044f\u043c\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0444\u0438\u0441\u0441\u0443\u0440\u044b, \u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0437\u043e\u043d\u0434\u0430 (I \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441 \u043f\u043e \u0411\u043b\u044d\u043a\u0443, \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441), \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0432\u044b\u043c \u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c, \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0437\u0443\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043a \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0443, \u043f\u0438\u0449\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0437\u0443\u0431\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0436\u0443\u0442\u043a\u0435 (II \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441), \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u044f\u0442\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u043e\u0432 (II, III \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441), \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0438\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043c\u044f\u0433\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043c (I\u2013V \u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u044b, \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441 \u0446\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430).<\/p>\n<div class=\"videos-carousel-block\">\n<div class=\"swiper video-carousel-swiper video-carousel-swiper-block_69ee79c8e35f4\">\n<div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"swiper-slide\"><video controls class=\"carousel-video\"><source data-src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/articles\/en\/dentistry\/caries\/cement-caries.webm\" type=\"video\/webm\"><\/source><\/video><span class=\"small-text-article text-main-text-color\">3D-\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u2014 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441 \u0446\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"swiper-slide\"><video controls class=\"carousel-video\"><source data-src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/articles\/en\/dentistry\/caries\/secondary-caries.webm\" type=\"video\/webm\"><\/source><\/video><span class=\"small-text-article text-main-text-color\">3D-\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u2014 \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"swiper-article-video-carousel__controls\">\n<div class=\"swiper-article-video-carousel__pagination-container swiper-article-video-carousel__pagination-container-block_69ee79c8e35f4\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"swiper-article-video-carousel__arrows\"><button class=\"swiper__arrow swiper__arrow--prev video-carousel-swiper-button-prev swiper__arrow swiper__arrow--prev video-carousel-swiper-button-prev-block_69ee79c8e35f4\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" viewbox=\"0 0 40 40\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M20 3.75C16.7861 3.75 13.6443 4.70305 10.972 6.48862C8.29969 8.27419 6.21689 10.8121 4.98696 13.7814C3.75704 16.7507 3.43524 20.018 4.06225 23.1702C4.68926 26.3224 6.23692 29.2179 8.50952 31.4905C10.7821 33.7631 13.6776 35.3107 16.8298 35.9378C19.982 36.5648 23.2493 36.243 26.2186 35.013C29.1879 33.7831 31.7258 31.7003 33.5114 29.028C35.297 26.3557 36.25 23.2139 36.25 20C36.2455 15.6916 34.5319 11.561 31.4855 8.51454C28.439 5.46806 24.3084 3.75455 20 3.75ZM23.3844 25.3656C23.5005 25.4818 23.5926 25.6196 23.6555 25.7714C23.7184 25.9231 23.7507 26.0858 23.7507 26.25C23.7507 26.4142 23.7184 26.5769 23.6555 26.7286C23.5926 26.8804 23.5005 27.0182 23.3844 27.1344C23.2682 27.2505 23.1304 27.3426 22.9786 27.4055C22.8269 27.4683 22.6643 27.5007 22.5 27.5007C22.3358 27.5007 22.1731 27.4683 22.0214 27.4055C21.8696 27.3426 21.7318 27.2505 21.6156 27.1344L15.3656 20.8844C15.2494 20.7683 15.1572 20.6304 15.0943 20.4787C15.0314 20.3269 14.999 20.1643 14.999 20C14.999 19.8357 15.0314 19.6731 15.0943 19.5213C15.1572 19.3696 15.2494 19.2317 15.3656 19.1156L21.6156 12.8656C21.7318 12.7495 21.8696 12.6574 22.0214 12.5945C22.1731 12.5317 22.3358 12.4993 22.5 12.4993C22.6643 12.4993 22.8269 12.5317 22.9786 12.5945C23.1304 12.6574 23.2682 12.7495 23.3844 12.8656C23.5005 12.9818 23.5926 13.1196 23.6555 13.2714C23.7184 13.4231 23.7507 13.5858 23.7507 13.75C23.7507 13.9142 23.7184 14.0769 23.6555 14.2286C23.5926 14.3804 23.5005 14.5182 23.3844 14.6344L18.0172 20L23.3844 25.3656Z\" fill=\"#B5C0CD\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button><button class=\"swiper__arrow swiper__arrow--next video-carousel-swiper-button-next swiper__arrow swiper__arrow--next video-carousel-swiper-button-next-block_69ee79c8e35f4\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Next slide\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" viewbox=\"0 0 40 40\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M20 3.75C16.7861 3.75 13.6443 4.70305 10.972 6.48862C8.29969 8.27419 6.21689 10.8121 4.98696 13.7814C3.75704 16.7507 3.43524 20.018 4.06225 23.1702C4.68926 26.3224 6.23692 29.2179 8.50952 31.4905C10.7821 33.7631 13.6776 35.3107 16.8298 35.9378C19.982 36.5648 23.2493 36.243 26.2186 35.013C29.1879 33.7831 31.7258 31.7003 33.5114 29.028C35.297 26.3557 36.25 23.2139 36.25 20C36.2455 15.6916 34.5319 11.561 31.4855 8.51454C28.439 5.46806 24.3084 3.75455 20 3.75ZM23.3844 25.3656C23.5005 25.4818 23.5926 25.6196 23.6555 25.7714C23.7184 25.9231 23.7507 26.0858 23.7507 26.25C23.7507 26.4142 23.7184 26.5769 23.6555 26.7286C23.5926 26.8804 23.5005 27.0182 23.3844 27.1344C23.2682 27.2505 23.1304 27.3426 22.9786 27.4055C22.8269 27.4683 22.6643 27.5007 22.5 27.5007C22.3358 27.5007 22.1731 27.4683 22.0214 27.4055C21.8696 27.3426 21.7318 27.2505 21.6156 27.1344L15.3656 20.8844C15.2494 20.7683 15.1572 20.6304 15.0943 20.4787C15.0314 20.3269 14.999 20.1643 14.999 20C14.999 19.8357 15.0314 19.6731 15.0943 19.5213C15.1572 19.3696 15.2494 19.2317 15.3656 19.1156L21.6156 12.8656C21.7318 12.7495 21.8696 12.6574 22.0214 12.5945C22.1731 12.5317 22.3358 12.4993 22.5 12.4993C22.6643 12.4993 22.8269 12.5317 22.9786 12.5945C23.1304 12.6574 23.2682 12.7495 23.3844 12.8656C23.5005 12.9818 23.5926 13.1196 23.6555 13.2714C23.7184 13.4231 23.7507 13.5858 23.7507 13.75C23.7507 13.9142 23.7184 14.0769 23.6555 14.2286C23.5926 14.3804 23.5005 14.5182 23.3844 14.6344L18.0172 20L23.3844 25.3656Z\" fill=\"#B5C0CD\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><script defer>\n    document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {\n        const videosCarouselSwiper = new Swiper('.video-carousel-swiper-block_69ee79c8e35f4', {\n            slidesPerView: 1,\n            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text-black\">\u041d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0442\u044f\u0445<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"social-banner-text text-grey\">\u041f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u0438\u0448\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0443\u0440\u0441\u044b<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"social-links-wrapper\"><a class=\"social-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/VOKA3DAnatomyAndPathology\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/common\/Social%20Icons\/facebook.svg\" alt=\"social link\"><\/a><a class=\"social-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/voka.io\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/common\/Social%20Icons\/insta.svg\" alt=\"social link\"><\/a><a class=\"social-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/voka-io\/posts\/?feedView=all\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/common\/Social%20Icons\/linkedin.svg\" alt=\"social link\"><\/a><a class=\"social-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@vokaio\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/common\/Social%20Icons\/youtube.svg\" alt=\"social link\"><\/a><a class=\"social-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/voka3danatomyandpathology\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/common\/Social%20Icons\/pinterest.svg\" alt=\"social link\"><\/a><a class=\"social-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tiktok.com\/@voka.io\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/common\/Social%20Icons\/tiktok.svg\" alt=\"social link\"><\/a><a class=\"social-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/discord.gg\/7ejUpq8DRR\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/common\/Social%20Icons\/discord.svg\" alt=\"social link\"><\/a><a class=\"social-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/voka3d\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/common\/Social%20Icons\/telegram.svg\" alt=\"social link\"><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"social-banner-image\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/common\/social-media-banner-mobile-image.webp\" alt=\"Banner background\"><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"%d0%9b%d0%b5%d1%87%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%b8%d0%b5\"><strong>\u041b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441 \u044d\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438\u00a0\u2014 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0435\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0438\u044f, \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0448\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0433\u0438\u0433\u0438\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0443\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e, \u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0431\u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435.<\/p>\n<p>\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430, \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441 \u0446\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430, \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441\u00a0\u2014 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0437\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432.<\/p>\n<div>\n<h2 class=\"faq-title h2-article\" id=\"faq\">FAQ<\/h2>\n<div class=\"faq-section\">\n<div class=\"faq-item faq-answer-hidden\">\n<div class=\"question-block\">\n<div class=\"faq-question\">\n<p class=\" text-black h5-title\">1. \u041a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u044b \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441\u0430?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-answer text-main-text-color main-text-medium\">\u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0433\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u044b: <em>Streptococcus mutans<\/em>, <em>Lactobacilli<\/em>, <em>Actinomyces<\/em>. \u041e\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0431\u0438\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0443 (\u0437\u0443\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0442) \u0438 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u044b \u0432\u044b\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u043d\u0438\u0437\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e pH.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"expand-button-wrapper\"><button class=\"text-accent expand-button\">+<\/button><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-item faq-answer-hidden\">\n<div class=\"question-block\">\n<div class=\"faq-question\">\n<p class=\" text-black h5-title\">2. \u0427\u0435\u043c \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441 \u044d\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-answer text-main-text-color main-text-medium\">\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441 \u044d\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u2014 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0438\u044f, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0431\u0435\u043b\u044b\u043c \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0438\u0433\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u044f\u0442\u043d\u043e\u043c. \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u2014 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"expand-button-wrapper\"><button class=\"text-accent expand-button\">+<\/button><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-item faq-answer-hidden\">\n<div class=\"question-block\">\n<div class=\"faq-question\">\n<p class=\" text-black h5-title\">3. \u041a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u044b \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441\u0430?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-answer text-main-text-color main-text-medium\">\u041d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u044f\u0442\u043d\u0430 \u2014 \u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f; \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u2014 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435; \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441\u0435 (\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043f\u044b) \u2014 \u044d\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"expand-button-wrapper\"><button class=\"text-accent expand-button\">+<\/button><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-item faq-answer-hidden\">\n<div class=\"question-block\">\n<div class=\"faq-question\">\n<p class=\" text-black h5-title\">4. \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441 \u0438 \u043f\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043f\u0438\u0442: \u0432 \u0447\u0435\u043c \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u044f?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-answer text-main-text-color main-text-medium\">\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441 \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430 (\u044d\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430), \u0432\u044b\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0442, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u044b \u0437\u0443\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0430. \u041d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0431\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043d\u044b\u043c, \u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u2014 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c \u043e\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 (\u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0435, \u0433\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0447\u0435\u0435, \u0441\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0435). \u041f\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043f\u0438\u0442 \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043f\u044b \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430 (\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u043e-\u0441\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0443\u0447\u043e\u043a). \u041f\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043f\u0438\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439, \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0440\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u044e, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e, \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439.<\/p>\n<p>\u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u044f:<\/p>\n<p>1. \u041b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f:<br \/>\u2022 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u044d\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d; <br \/>\u2022 \u041f\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043f\u0438\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043f\u0443 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430.<\/p>\n<p>2. \u0421\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0442\u043e\u043c\u044b:<br \/>\u2022 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441: \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 (\u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0435, \u0433\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0447\u0435\u0435, \u0441\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0435); <br \/>\u2022 \u041f\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043f\u0438\u0442: \u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f (\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 5 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434) \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439, \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c, \u0438\u0440\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0438. <\/p>\n<p>3. \u041b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435:<br \/>\u2022 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441: \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0438\u044f; <br \/>\u2022 \u041f\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043f\u0438\u0442: \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432 (\u044d\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435).<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"expand-button-wrapper\"><button class=\"text-accent expand-button\">+<\/button><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\n    {\n    \"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\n    \"@type\": \"FAQPage\",\n    \"mainEntity\": [\n        {\n            \"@type\": \"Question\",\n            \"name\": \"\u041a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u044b \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441\u0430?\",\n            \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n                \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n                \"text\": \"\u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0433\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u044b: <em>Streptococcus mutans, <em>Lactobacilli, <em>Actinomyces. \u041e\u043d\u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0431\u0438\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0443 (\u0437\u0443\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0442) \u0438 \u0441\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u043d\u044b \u0432\u044b\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u043d\u0438\u0437\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e pH.\"\n            }\n        },\n        {\n            \"@type\": \"Question\",\n            \"name\": \"\u0427\u0435\u043c \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441 \u044d\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441\u0430 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430?\",\n            \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n                \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n                \"text\": \"\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441 \u044d\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u2014 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0438\u044f, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0431\u0435\u043b\u044b\u043c \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0438\u0433\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043f\u044f\u0442\u043d\u043e\u043c. \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u2014 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0443\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438.\"\n            }\n        },\n        {\n            \"@type\": \"Question\",\n            \"name\": \"\u041a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u044b \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441\u0430?\",\n            \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n                \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n                \"text\": \"\u041d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u044f\u0442\u043d\u0430 \u2014 \u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f; \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u2014 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435; \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441\u0435 (\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043f\u044b) \u2014 \u044d\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435.\"\n            }\n        },\n        {\n            \"@type\": \"Question\",\n            \"name\": \"\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441 \u0438 \u043f\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043f\u0438\u0442: \u0432 \u0447\u0435\u043c \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u044f?\",\n            \"acceptedAnswer\": {\n                \"@type\": \"Answer\",\n                \"text\": \"\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441 \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430 (\u044d\u043c\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0430), \u0432\u044b\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043a\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0442, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u044b \u0437\u0443\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0430. \u041d\u0430 \u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0434\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0431\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0442\u043e\u043c\u043d\u044b\u043c, \u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u2014 \u0432\u044b\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c \u043e\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 (\u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0435, \u0433\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0447\u0435\u0435, \u0441\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0435). \u041f\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043f\u0438\u0442 \u2014 \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043e\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043f\u044b \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430 (\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043d\u043e-\u0441\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0443\u0447\u043e\u043a). \u041f\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043f\u0438\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0438\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439, \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0440\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u044e, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e, \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439.<\/p>\n<p>\u041e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u044f:<\/p>\n<p>1. \u041b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f:<br \/>\u2022 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u044d\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d; <br \/>\u2022 \u041f\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043f\u0438\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043f\u0443 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u0430.<\/p>\n<p>2. \u0421\u0438\u043c\u043f\u0442\u043e\u043c\u044b:<br \/>\u2022 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441: \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 (\u0445\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0435, \u0433\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0447\u0435\u0435, \u0441\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043a\u043e\u0435); <br \/>\u2022 \u041f\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043f\u0438\u0442: \u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f (\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 5 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0443\u043d\u0434) \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0438 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439, \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c, \u0438\u0440\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0431\u043e\u043b\u0438. <\/p>\n<p>3. \u041b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435:<br \/>\u2022 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441: \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0431\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0440\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043f\u0438\u044f; <br \/>\u2022 \u041f\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043f\u0438\u0442: \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432 (\u044d\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u043b\u0435\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435).\"\n            }\n        }\n    ]\n}<\/script><\/div>\n<div class=\"sources-list-block sources-list-hidden\" id=\"%d0%a1%d0%bf%d0%b8%d1%81%d0%be%d0%ba-%d0%b8%d1%81%d1%82%d0%be%d1%87%d0%bd%d0%b8%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%b2\">\n<div class=\"sources-list-content\">\n<div class=\"sources-list-title\">\n<p class=\"small-text-bold text-black sources-list-title-text\">\u0421\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432<\/p>\n<div class=\"sources-expand-button-wrapper-mobile\">\n<div class=\"sources-expand-button\"><svg width=\"32\" height=\"32\" viewbox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M8 12L16 20L24 12\" stroke=\"#8C9AAB\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"sources-list-items\">\n<div class=\"source-item\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\">1.<\/p>\n<div class=\"source-item-content\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\"><cite>VOKA 3D Anatomy & Pathology \u2014 Complete Anatomy and Pathology 3D Atlas [Internet]. VOKA 3D Anatomy & Pathology.<\/cite><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"small-text-medium text-grey\">Available from: https:\/\/catalog.voka.io\/<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"source-item\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\">2.<\/p>\n<div class=\"source-item-content\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\"><cite>Toumba KJ, Twetman S, Splieth C, Parnell C, Van Loveren C, Lygidakis N\u0391. Guidelines on the use of fluoride for caries prevention in children: an updated EAPD policy document. European Archives of Paediatric Dentistry [Internet]. 2019 Oct 20;20(6):507\u2013516. <\/cite><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"small-text-medium text-grey\">Available from: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s40368-019-00464-2<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"source-item\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\">3.<\/p>\n<div class=\"source-item-content\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\"><cite>Meyer-Lueckel H. Caries management: Science and clinical practice. Stuttgart: Thieme Medical Publishers; 2013.<\/cite><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"source-item\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\">4.<\/p>\n<div class=\"source-item-content\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\"><cite>Li M. Contemporary approach to dental caries. Rijeka: IntechOpen; 2012.<\/cite><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"source-item\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\">5.<\/p>\n<div class=\"source-item-content\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\"><cite>Xuedong Z. Dental caries: Principles and management. Berlin: Springer; 2016.<\/cite><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"source-item\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\">6.<\/p>\n<div class=\"source-item-content\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\"><cite>Kidd EAM, Fejerskov O. Essentials of dental caries. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2016.<\/cite><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"source-item\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\">7.<\/p>\n<div class=\"source-item-content\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\"><cite>Eden E. Evidence-based caries prevention. Cham: Springer; 2018.<\/cite><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"source-item\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\">8.<\/p>\n<div class=\"source-item-content\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\"><cite>De Oliveira Carrilho MR. Root caries: From prevalence to therapy. Basel: Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers; 2017.<\/cite><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"source-item\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\">9.<\/p>\n<div class=\"source-item-content\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\"><cite>Askar H, Krois J, G\u00f6stemeyer G, Bottenberg P, Zero D, Banerjee A, Schwendicke F. Secondary caries: what is it, and how it can be controlled, detected, and managed? Clinical Oral Investigations [Internet]. 2020 Apr 17;24(5):1869\u20131876.<\/cite><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"small-text-medium text-grey\">Available from: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00784-020-03268-7<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"source-item\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\">10.<\/p>\n<div class=\"source-item-content\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\"><cite>Askar H, Tu YK, Paris S, Yeh YC, Schwendicke F. Risk of caries adjacent to different restoration materials: Systematic review of in situ studies. Journal of Dentistry [Internet]. 2016 Oct 5;56:1\u201310.<\/cite><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"small-text-medium text-grey\">Available from: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jdent.2016.09.011<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"sources-expand-button-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"sources-expand-button\"><svg width=\"32\" height=\"32\" viewbox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M8 12L16 20L24 12\" stroke=\"#8C9AAB\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441\u00a0\u2014 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u0435\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0435\u0441\u0441 \u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0442\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0434\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u043e\u0432.\u00a0 \u042d\u0442\u0438\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0447\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0444\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432: \u043c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u0444\u043b\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0442\u0430, \u043b\u0435\u0433\u043a\u043e \u0444\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u0443\u0433\u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u044b \u043f\u0438\u0449\u0438, \u0432\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0440\u0438\u0438\u043c\u0447\u0438\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043a \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0441\u0443 \u0437\u0443\u0431 \u0438 \u0434\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0435\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f. \u041c\u0438\u043a\u0440\u043e\u043e\u0440\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0437\u043c\u044b \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0443\u0431\u043e\u0432, \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0430, \u0449\u0435\u043a \u0438 \u043f\u0438\u0449\u0435\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u043e\u043b\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043d, \u0438 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u0431\u0438\u043e\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0443, \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0437\u0443\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0442. \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f 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