{"id":7315,"date":"2026-06-11T10:14:01","date_gmt":"2026-06-11T07:14:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/glossary\/virion\/"},"modified":"2026-07-23T14:05:04","modified_gmt":"2026-07-23T11:05:04","slug":"virion","status":"publish","type":"glossary_item","link":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/pt\/glossario\/virion\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u00edrion"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Viri\u00e3o (do lat. virus<\/em> \u2014 veneno e gr. sufixo -ion<\/em>, indicando part\u00edcula) \u2014 \u00e9 uma unidade infecciosa completa e estrutural de um v\u00edrus. Representa uma fase do ciclo de vida do v\u00edrus, localizada fora da c\u00e9lula hospedeira e serve exclusivamente para o transporte do genoma viral para novos tecidos suscept\u00edveis.<\/p>\n\n

Etiologia e fisiopatologia<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

Os v\u00edrions n\u00e3o s\u00e3o microrganismos vivos (n\u00e3o possuem estrutura celular, n\u00e3o s\u00e3o capazes de se autoabastecer com energia nem produzir prote\u00ednas para a constru\u00e7\u00e3o das suas part\u00edculas).<\/p>\n\n

A estrutura do viri\u00e3o pode incluir os seguintes componentes:<\/p>\n\n

    \n
  • nucleocaps\u00eddeo<\/strong> \u2014 consiste em um caps\u00eddeo (inv\u00f3lucro proteico) e \u00e1cido nucleico encapsulado (uma ou mais mol\u00e9culas do genoma de RNA ou DNA, de cadeia simples ou dupla);<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • pepl\u00f4meros (espinhos proteicos)<\/strong> \u2014 podem sobressair do caps\u00eddeo em alguns v\u00edrus (por exemplo, em coronav\u00edrus) e s\u00e3o usados para estabelecer contato com a c\u00e9lula hospedeira;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • envolt\u00f3rio viral (supercaps\u00eddeo)<\/strong> \u2014 membrana externa presente em muitos v\u00edrus (por exemplo, v\u00edrus da gripe, coronav\u00edrus, HIV), que inclui uma bicamada lip\u00eddica e prote\u00ednas de superf\u00edcie necess\u00e1rias para formar o envolt\u00f3rio durante a sa\u00edda da c\u00e9lula. Essa estrutura ajuda na ades\u00e3o \u00e0 c\u00e9lula e na evita\u00e7\u00e3o do sistema imunol\u00f3gico enquanto o viri\u00e3o procura uma c\u00e9lula para infectar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n

    Import\u00e2ncia cl\u00ednica<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

    Compreender a organiza\u00e7\u00e3o estrutural do viri\u00e3o \u00e9 importante para a epidemiologia e a farmacologia. V\u00edrions com envolt\u00f3rio lip\u00eddico externo s\u00e3o vulner\u00e1veis a surfactantes.<\/p>\n\n

    \u00c9 por isso que lavar bem as m\u00e3os com sab\u00e3o ou usar um antiss\u00e9ptico \u00e0 base de \u00e1lcool dissolve fisicamente a camada lip\u00eddica, destruindo irreversivelmente o viri\u00e3o.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Viri\u00e3o (do lat. virus<\/em> \u2014 veneno e gr. sufixo -ion<\/em>, indicando part\u00edcula) \u2014 \u00e9 uma unidade infecciosa completa e estrutural de um v\u00edrus. Representa uma fase do ciclo de vida do v\u00edrus, localizada fora da c\u00e9lula hospedeira e serve exclusivamente para o transporte do genoma viral para novos tecidos suscept\u00edveis.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-7315","glossary_item","type-glossary_item","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nV\u00edrion: defini\u00e7\u00e3o m\u00e9dica e vis\u00e3o geral | Voka Wiki<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Viri\u00e3o (do lat. virus \u2014 veneno e gr. sufixo -ion, indicando part\u00edcula) \u2014 \u00e9 uma unidade infecciosa completa e estrutural de um v\u00edrus. 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