{"id":8404,"date":"2026-10-22T16:37:30","date_gmt":"2026-10-22T13:37:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/glossary\/immunoglobuline-g\/"},"modified":"2026-10-22T16:37:36","modified_gmt":"2026-10-22T13:37:36","slug":"immunoglobuline-g","status":"publish","type":"glossary_item","link":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/glossaire\/immunoglobuline-g\/","title":{"rendered":"Immunoglobuline G"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

L\u2019immunoglobuline G, ou IgG (du latin immunitas<\/em> \u2014 lib\u00e9ration, affranchissement de quelque chose, et globulus<\/em> \u2014 globule, goutte ; G \u2014 premi\u00e8re lettre du grec gamma<\/em> \u2014 d\u00e9signation du type de cha\u00eene prot\u00e9ique) \u2014 est la principale et la plus abondante classe d\u2019anticorps protecteurs dans le s\u00e9rum sanguin humain (elle repr\u00e9sente jusqu\u2019\u00e0 75\u201380 % de l\u2019ensemble des immunoglobulines).<\/p>\n\n

Il s\u2019agit de l\u2019arme principale de l\u2019immunit\u00e9 acquise, assurant une protection durable et fiable de l\u2019organisme contre une r\u00e9infection.<\/p>\n\n

\u00c9tiologie et physiopathologie<\/h2>\n\n

Les mol\u00e9cules d\u2019IgG poss\u00e8dent plusieurs propri\u00e9t\u00e9s sp\u00e9cifiques :<\/p>\n\n

    \n
  • synth\u00e8se par les lymphocytes B<\/strong> \u2014 se produit aux stades tardifs de la primo-infection (g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement 2 \u00e0 3 semaines apr\u00e8s la contamination) ou imm\u00e9diatement lors d\u2019un nouveau contact avec un agent pathog\u00e8ne d\u00e9j\u00e0 rencontr\u00e9 ;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • forme classique en Y et petite taille<\/strong> \u2014 permettent aux IgG de passer facilement de la circulation sanguine vers les tissus afin de d\u00e9truire les virus et les bact\u00e9ries ;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • franchissement de la barri\u00e8re placentaire<\/strong> \u2014 propri\u00e9t\u00e9 unique. \u00c0 la surface du placenta se trouvent des r\u00e9cepteurs n\u00e9onatals sp\u00e9cifiques assurant le transport (FcRn), qui captent les IgG maternelles et les transf\u00e8rent dans la circulation sanguine du f\u0153tus. Aucune autre classe d\u2019anticorps n\u2019en est capable.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n

    Importance clinique<\/h2>\n\n

    La d\u00e9tection d\u2019immunoglobuline G dans le sang du patient t\u00e9moigne, dans la plupart des cas, d\u2019une maladie ant\u00e9rieure ou d\u2019une vaccination r\u00e9ussie. La pr\u00e9sence d\u2019IgG indique l\u2019existence d\u2019une immunit\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n

    Les IgG maternelles sont vitales pour le nouveau-n\u00e9. Elles conf\u00e8rent une immunit\u00e9 passive, prot\u00e9geant le nourrisson contre la plupart des infections dangereuses (par exemple, la rougeole, la grippe et la coqueluche) au cours des premiers mois de vie, jusqu\u2019\u00e0 ce qu\u2019il puisse \u00eatre vaccin\u00e9 en fonction de son \u00e2ge et commence \u00e0 produire ses propres anticorps.<\/p>\n\n

    <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    L\u2019immunoglobuline G, ou IgG (du latin immunitas<\/em> \u2014 lib\u00e9ration, affranchissement de quelque chose, et globulus<\/em> \u2014 globule, goutte ; G \u2014 premi\u00e8re lettre du grec gamma<\/em> \u2014 d\u00e9signation du type de cha\u00eene prot\u00e9ique) \u2014 est la principale et la plus abondante classe d\u2019anticorps protecteurs dans le s\u00e9rum sanguin humain (elle repr\u00e9sente jusqu\u2019\u00e0 75\u201380 % de l\u2019ensemble des immunoglobulines). <\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-8404","glossary_item","type-glossary_item","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nImmunoglobuline G : d\u00e9finition m\u00e9dicale et description | Voka Wiki<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"L\u2019immunoglobuline G, ou IgG (du latin immunitas \u2014 lib\u00e9ration, affranchissement de quelque chose, et globulus \u2014 globule, goutte ; G \u2014 premi\u00e8re lettre du grec gamma \u2014 d\u00e9signation du type de cha\u00eene prot\u00e9ique) \u2014 est la principale et la plus abondante classe d\u2019anticorps protecteurs dans le s\u00e9rum sanguin humain (elle repr\u00e9sente jusqu\u2019\u00e0 75\u201380 % de l\u2019ensemble des immunoglobulines).\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/glossaire\/immunoglobuline-g\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Immunoglobuline G\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"L\u2019immunoglobuline G, ou IgG (du latin immunitas \u2014 lib\u00e9ration, affranchissement de quelque chose, et globulus \u2014 globule, goutte ; 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