{"id":4921,"date":"2026-03-16T13:02:09","date_gmt":"2026-03-16T10:02:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/glossary\/osteosynthese\/"},"modified":"2026-04-01T18:37:04","modified_gmt":"2026-04-01T15:37:04","slug":"osteosynthese","status":"publish","type":"glossary_item","link":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/glossary\/osteosynthese\/","title":{"rendered":"Ost\u00e9osynth\u00e8se"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

L’ost\u00e9osynth\u00e8se (du grec osteon<\/em> \u2014 os et synthesis<\/em> \u2014 connexion, alignement) est une m\u00e9thode chirurgicale d’alignement des fragments osseux et d’\u00e9limination fiable de leur mobilit\u00e9 \u00e0 l’aide de diverses constructions m\u00e9talliques ou polym\u00e8res implantables.<\/p>\n\n

\u00c9tiologie et physiopathologie<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

L’objectif biologique principal de l’ost\u00e9osynth\u00e8se est de cr\u00e9er une stabilit\u00e9 m\u00e9canique au site de fracture. La fixation id\u00e9ale exclut la moindre micromobilit\u00e9 des fragments. Cela cr\u00e9e des conditions optimales pour ce qu’on appelle une consolidation osseuse directe (primaire), qui se d\u00e9roule sans la formation d\u2019un cal cartilagineux massif.<\/p>\n\n

L’ost\u00e9osynth\u00e8se immerg\u00e9e (interne) implique l’installation de fixations directement sur l’os (plaques et vis de l’os) ou leur insertion dans le canal m\u00e9dullaire (broches en titane intram\u00e9dullaires). L’ost\u00e9osynth\u00e8se externe (transosseuse) utilise des appareils de fixation externe, o\u00f9 le cadre porteur rigide est situ\u00e9 \u00e0 l’ext\u00e9rieur du corps du patient.<\/p>\n\n

Importance clinique<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

Les indications m\u00e9dicales absolues pour l’op\u00e9ration incluent les fractures ouvertes, les fractures intra-articulaires avec d\u00e9placement, les fractures avec l\u00e9sions des vaisseaux sanguins majeurs, ainsi que le polytraumatisme s\u00e9v\u00e8re.<\/p>\n\n

Une ost\u00e9osynth\u00e8se de qualit\u00e9 permet d’\u00e9liminer totalement le port prolong\u00e9 de pl\u00e2tres. Le patient a la possibilit\u00e9 de commencer une mobilisation pr\u00e9coce et une r\u00e9habilitation des mouvements dans les articulations voisines, ce qui pr\u00e9vient le d\u00e9veloppement de l’atrophie musculaire, de contractures persistantes et de thromboses veineuses dangereuses.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L’ost\u00e9osynth\u00e8se (du grec osteon<\/em> \u2014 os et synthesis<\/em> \u2014 connexion, alignement) est une m\u00e9thode chirurgicale d’alignement des fragments osseux et d’\u00e9limination fiable de leur mobilit\u00e9 \u00e0 l’aide de diverses constructions m\u00e9talliques ou polym\u00e8res implantables.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-4921","glossary_item","type-glossary_item","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nOst\u00e9osynth\u00e8se : d\u00e9finition m\u00e9dicale et description | Voka Wiki<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"L'ost\u00e9osynth\u00e8se (du grec osteon \u2014 os et synthesis \u2014 connexion, alignement) est une m\u00e9thode chirurgicale d'alignement des fragments osseux et d'\u00e9limination fiable de leur mobilit\u00e9 \u00e0 l'aide de diverses constructions m\u00e9talliques ou polym\u00e8res implantables.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, 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