{"id":3453,"date":"2026-02-26T16:54:09","date_gmt":"2026-02-26T13:54:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/glossary\/hysterectomie\/"},"modified":"2026-02-26T16:54:13","modified_gmt":"2026-02-26T13:54:13","slug":"hysterectomie","status":"publish","type":"glossary_item","link":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/glossaire\/hysterectomie\/","title":{"rendered":"Hyst\u00e9rectomie"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

L’hyst\u00e9rectomie<\/em> (du grec hystera<\/em> – ut\u00e9rus, ektom\u0113<\/em> – ablation) est une intervention chirurgicale radicale consistant en l’ablation de l’ut\u00e9rus. Il s’agit de l’une des op\u00e9rations les plus fr\u00e9quemment pratiqu\u00e9es en gyn\u00e9cologie op\u00e9ratoire. <\/p>\n\n

\u00c9tiologie et physiopathologie<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

La classification de l’op\u00e9ration d\u00e9pend de l’\u00e9tendue de la r\u00e9section :<\/p>\n\n

    \n
  • Hyst\u00e9rectomie subtotale (amputation supravaginale) :<\/strong> Seul le corps de l’ut\u00e9rus est enlev\u00e9, le col de l’ut\u00e9rus est pr\u00e9serv\u00e9. Elle n’est possible que s’il n’y a pas d’anomalie du col de l’ut\u00e9rus et que les frottis sont normaux. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Hyst\u00e9rectomie totale (extirpation) :<\/strong> L’ut\u00e9rus est enlev\u00e9 en un seul bloc avec le col de l’ut\u00e9rus.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • Hyst\u00e9rectomie radicale (op\u00e9ration de Wertheim) :<\/strong> Ablation \u00e9tendue de l’ut\u00e9rus, du tiers sup\u00e9rieur du vagin, du tissu param\u00e9trial et des ganglions lymphatiques r\u00e9gionaux (norme canc\u00e9reuse). L’acc\u00e8s peut \u00eatre laparotomique (incision), laparoscopique (ponctions) ou vaginal (par le vagin, sans incision sur l’abdomen). <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n

    Signification clinique<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

    La chirurgie est indiqu\u00e9e lorsque les m\u00e9thodes de sauvegarde des organes sont inefficaces ou impossibles : en cas de myomes<\/strong> multiples symptomatiques de taille g\u00e9ante (plus de 12-14 semaines), d’ad\u00e9nomyose<\/strong> nodulaire diffuse avec saignements an\u00e9miques, d’hyperplasie atypique, de cancer de l’endom\u00e8tre, ainsi qu’en cas de prolapsus des organes g\u00e9nitaux. L’hyst\u00e9rectomie entra\u00eene une perte irr\u00e9versible de la fonction de reproduction. Si les ovaires sont conserv\u00e9s, la situation hormonale de la femme n’est pas dramatiquement affect\u00e9e, mais le risque de m\u00e9nopause 3 \u00e0 4 ans plus t\u00f4t augmente en raison de l’interruption de l’apport sanguin aux gonades. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    L’hyst\u00e9rectomie<\/em> (du grec hystera<\/em> – ut\u00e9rus, ektom\u0113<\/em> – ablation) est une intervention chirurgicale radicale consistant en l’ablation de l’ut\u00e9rus. Il s’agit de l’une des op\u00e9rations les plus fr\u00e9quemment pratiqu\u00e9es en gyn\u00e9cologie op\u00e9ratoire. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-3453","glossary_item","type-glossary_item","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nHyst\u00e9rectomie : d\u00e9finition m\u00e9dicale et description | Voka Wiki<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"L'hyst\u00e9rectomie (du grec hystera - ut\u00e9rus, ektom\u0113 - ablation) est une intervention chirurgicale radicale consistant en l'ablation de l'ut\u00e9rus. 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