{"id":3350,"date":"2026-02-26T16:55:33","date_gmt":"2026-02-26T13:55:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/glossary\/endometre\/"},"modified":"2026-02-26T16:55:30","modified_gmt":"2026-02-26T13:55:30","slug":"endometre","status":"publish","type":"glossary_item","link":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/glossaire\/endometre\/","title":{"rendered":"Endom\u00e8tre"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

L’endom\u00e8tre (du grec endon<\/em> – int\u00e9rieur, metra<\/em> – ut\u00e9rus) est la muqueuse interne du corps ut\u00e9rin, hautement diff\u00e9renci\u00e9e et sensible aux hormones. <\/p>\n\n

Ce tissu poss\u00e8de un potentiel biologique unique de prolif\u00e9ration cyclique, de transformation s\u00e9cr\u00e9toire et de desquamation compl\u00e8te (rejet), suivie d’une r\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ration sans cicatrice.<\/p>\n\n

\u00c9tiologie et physiopathologie<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

La structure histologique de l’endom\u00e8tre est un syst\u00e8me complexe compos\u00e9 d’un \u00e9pith\u00e9lium cylindrique monocouche (couvrant et glandulaire), d’un stroma riche en \u00e9l\u00e9ments cellulaires et d’un r\u00e9seau vasculaire sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9. Sur le plan fonctionnel et morphologique, on distingue deux couches : <\/p>\n\n

    \n
  1. Couche basale (stratum basale) :<\/strong> Couche fibreuse profonde et dense adjacente au myom\u00e8tre. Elle est aliment\u00e9e par des art\u00e8res courtes et droites et pr\u00e9sente une forte densit\u00e9 de r\u00e9cepteurs aux \u0153strog\u00e8nes, mais une faible densit\u00e9 de r\u00e9cepteurs \u00e0 la progest\u00e9rone. Cette couche n’est pas rejet\u00e9e pendant les r\u00e8gles et sert de r\u00e9servoir cambial (croissance) pour la r\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ration de la muqueuse au cours du nouveau cycle. <\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Couche fonctionnelle (stratum functionale) :<\/strong> Couche superficielle irrigu\u00e9e par des art\u00e8res spiral\u00e9es sensibles aux hormones. Dans la phase folliculaire du cycle, la mitose cellulaire active (prolif\u00e9ration) se produit sous l’influence des \u0153strog\u00e8nes. En phase lut\u00e9ale, la progest\u00e9rone arr\u00eate la division et d\u00e9clenche l’accumulation de glycog\u00e8ne, de lipides et de glycoprot\u00e9ines (s\u00e9cr\u00e9tion), pr\u00e9parant la \u00ab\u00a0fen\u00eatre d’implantation\u00a0\u00bb. En l’absence de grossesse, la r\u00e9gression du corps jaune provoque une chute brutale des taux de st\u00e9ro\u00efdes, un spasme prolong\u00e9 des art\u00e8res spiral\u00e9es, une n\u00e9crose isch\u00e9mique et un rejet de cette couche. <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n

    Signification clinique<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

    L’endom\u00e8tre est un tissu cl\u00e9 du syst\u00e8me reproducteur. Sa r\u00e9ceptivit\u00e9 (capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 accepter le blastocyste) est consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme la cause principale de l’\u00e9chec de l’implantation en FIV et de l’infertilit\u00e9 idiopathique. L’endom\u00e9trite<\/strong> chronique (y compris l’\u00e9tiologie tuberculeuse) provoque une fibrose stromale, une scl\u00e9rose vasculaire et une atrophie glandulaire (\u00ab\u00a0endom\u00e8tre mince\u00a0\u00bb). Le d\u00e9s\u00e9quilibre des hormones st\u00e9ro\u00efdiennes (hyperestrog\u00e9nie absolue ou relative) est un facteur d\u00e9clenchant des processus hyperplasiques, des polypes et de l’ad\u00e9nocarcinome endom\u00e9trial. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    L’endom\u00e8tre (du grec endon<\/em> – int\u00e9rieur, metra<\/em> – ut\u00e9rus) est la muqueuse interne du corps ut\u00e9rin, hautement diff\u00e9renci\u00e9e et sensible aux hormones. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-3350","glossary_item","type-glossary_item","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nEndom\u00e8tre : d\u00e9finition m\u00e9dicale et description | Voka Wiki<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"L'endom\u00e8tre (du grec endon - int\u00e9rieur, metra - ut\u00e9rus) est la muqueuse interne du corps ut\u00e9rin, hautement diff\u00e9renci\u00e9e et sensible aux hormones.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/glossaire\/endometre\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Endom\u00e8tre\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"L'endom\u00e8tre (du grec endon - int\u00e9rieur, metra - ut\u00e9rus) est la muqueuse interne du corps ut\u00e9rin, hautement diff\u00e9renci\u00e9e et sensible aux hormones.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/glossaire\/endometre\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Voka Wiki\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/VOKA3DAnatomyAndPathology\/\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/glossaire\/endometre\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/glossaire\/endometre\/\",\"name\":\"Endom\u00e8tre : d\u00e9finition m\u00e9dicale et description | Voka Wiki\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2026-02-26T13:55:33+00:00\",\"description\":\"L'endom\u00e8tre (du grec endon - int\u00e9rieur, metra - ut\u00e9rus) est la muqueuse interne du corps ut\u00e9rin, hautement diff\u00e9renci\u00e9e et sensible aux hormones.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/glossaire\/endometre\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/glossaire\/endometre\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/glossaire\/endometre\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Endom\u00e8tre\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/\",\"name\":\"Voka Wiki\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/#organization\"},\"alternateName\":\"Anatomy & Pathology Wiki by VOKA\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Voka 3D Anatomy & Pathology\",\"alternateName\":\"VOKA\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/cropped-voka-logo-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/cropped-voka-logo-1.png\",\"width\":70,\"height\":16,\"caption\":\"Voka 3D Anatomy & Pathology\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/VOKA3DAnatomyAndPathology\/\",\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/voka.io\/\",\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/voka-io\/\",\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCqGGuOEpr62ScH8Pjk2q5zw\/videos\",\"https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/VokaAnatomyPro\/\",\"https:\/\/www.threads.com\/@voka.io\"],\"description\":\"VOKA.io offers 3D medical animations and custom 3D modeling services. Our product, VOKA 3D Anatomy & Pathology, is a digital atlas with over 1,000 detailed 3D models of human anatomy and pathology, designed for medical education, training, and patient communication.\",\"email\":\"info@voka.io\",\"telephone\":\"+1 814 351 4442\",\"legalName\":\"Voka 3D Anatomy & Pathology\",\"foundingDate\":\"2017-02-12\",\"naics\":\"541512\",\"numberOfEmployees\":{\"@type\":\"QuantitativeValue\",\"minValue\":\"51\",\"maxValue\":\"200\"},\"publishingPrinciples\":\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/principes-de-publication\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Endom\u00e8tre : d\u00e9finition m\u00e9dicale et description | Voka Wiki","description":"L'endom\u00e8tre (du grec endon - int\u00e9rieur, metra - ut\u00e9rus) est la muqueuse interne du corps ut\u00e9rin, hautement diff\u00e9renci\u00e9e et sensible aux hormones.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/glossaire\/endometre\/","og_locale":"fr_FR","og_type":"article","og_title":"Endom\u00e8tre","og_description":"L'endom\u00e8tre (du grec endon - int\u00e9rieur, metra - ut\u00e9rus) est la muqueuse interne du corps ut\u00e9rin, hautement diff\u00e9renci\u00e9e et sensible aux hormones.","og_url":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/glossaire\/endometre\/","og_site_name":"Voka Wiki","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/VOKA3DAnatomyAndPathology\/","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/glossaire\/endometre\/","url":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/glossaire\/endometre\/","name":"Endom\u00e8tre : d\u00e9finition m\u00e9dicale et description | Voka Wiki","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/#website"},"datePublished":"2026-02-26T13:55:33+00:00","description":"L'endom\u00e8tre (du grec endon - int\u00e9rieur, metra - ut\u00e9rus) est la muqueuse interne du corps ut\u00e9rin, hautement diff\u00e9renci\u00e9e et sensible aux hormones.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/glossaire\/endometre\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/glossaire\/endometre\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/glossaire\/endometre\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Endom\u00e8tre"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/#website","url":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/","name":"Voka Wiki","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/#organization"},"alternateName":"Anatomy & Pathology Wiki by VOKA","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"fr-FR"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/#organization","name":"Voka 3D Anatomy & Pathology","alternateName":"VOKA","url":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/cropped-voka-logo-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/cropped-voka-logo-1.png","width":70,"height":16,"caption":"Voka 3D Anatomy & Pathology"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/VOKA3DAnatomyAndPathology\/","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/voka.io\/","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/voka-io\/","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCqGGuOEpr62ScH8Pjk2q5zw\/videos","https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/VokaAnatomyPro\/","https:\/\/www.threads.com\/@voka.io"],"description":"VOKA.io offers 3D medical animations and custom 3D modeling services. Our product, VOKA 3D Anatomy & Pathology, is a digital atlas with over 1,000 detailed 3D models of human anatomy and pathology, designed for medical education, training, and patient communication.","email":"info@voka.io","telephone":"+1 814 351 4442","legalName":"Voka 3D Anatomy & Pathology","foundingDate":"2017-02-12","naics":"541512","numberOfEmployees":{"@type":"QuantitativeValue","minValue":"51","maxValue":"200"},"publishingPrinciples":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/principes-de-publication\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary_item\/3350","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary_item"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/glossary_item"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3350"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}