{"id":609,"date":"2025-04-14T19:37:27","date_gmt":"2025-04-14T16:37:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/diseases\/uncategorized\/stenose-de-la-valve-aortique\/"},"modified":"2026-07-15T12:58:33","modified_gmt":"2026-07-15T09:58:33","slug":"stenose-aortique","status":"publish","type":"diseases_post","link":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/maladies\/cardiologie\/stenose-aortique\/","title":{"rendered":"St\u00e9nose aortique : causes, physiopathologie, sympt\u00f4mes, degr\u00e9s de gravit\u00e9, diagnostic et traitement"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><?xml encoding=\"UTF-8\" ?><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La <span class=\"glossary-term\" data-title=\"St\u00e9nose\" data-tooltip=\"La st\u00e9nose (du grec \u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03c2 - r\u00e9tr\u00e9cissement, compression) est un r\u00e9tr\u00e9cissement pathologique et persistant de la lumi\u00e8re d&#039;une formation anatomique creuse (vaisseau sanguin, valve cardiaque, tube digestif, tube respiratoire ou canal rachidien).\" data-link=\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/glossaire\/stenose\/\">st\u00e9nose<\/span> aortique (SA) est une cardiopathie dans laquelle la valve aortique est r\u00e9tr\u00e9cie et entrave l\u2019\u00e9coulement normal du sang depuis le ventricule gauche (VG). <\/p>\n<div class=\"videos-carousel-block\">\n<div class=\"swiper video-carousel-swiper video-carousel-swiper-block_6a966323cea29\">\n<div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"swiper-slide\"><video controls class=\"carousel-video\"><source data-src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/articles\/Acquired%20Heart%20Diseases\/Aortic%20valve%20stenosis\/Aortic-valve-stenosis-rheumatic-BG-Logo-plashki-sound-_1_.webm\" type=\"video\/webm\"><\/source><\/video><span class=\"small-text-article text-main-text-color\">Animation 3D \u2014 st\u00e9nose aortique rhumatismale<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"swiper-slide\"><video controls class=\"carousel-video\"><source data-src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/articles\/Acquired%20Heart%20Diseases\/Aortic%20valve%20stenosis\/2%20Degenerative%20aortic%20valve%20stenosis%20BG%2BLogo%2Bplashki%2Bsound.webm\" type=\"video\/webm\"><\/source><\/video><span class=\"small-text-article text-main-text-color\">Animation 3D \u2014 st\u00e9nose aortique d\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rative<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"swiper-article-video-carousel__controls\">\n<div class=\"swiper-article-video-carousel__pagination-container swiper-article-video-carousel__pagination-container-block_6a966323cea29\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"swiper-article-video-carousel__arrows\"><button class=\"swiper__arrow swiper__arrow--prev video-carousel-swiper-button-prev swiper__arrow swiper__arrow--prev video-carousel-swiper-button-prev-block_6a966323cea29\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" viewbox=\"0 0 40 40\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M20 3.75C16.7861 3.75 13.6443 4.70305 10.972 6.48862C8.29969 8.27419 6.21689 10.8121 4.98696 13.7814C3.75704 16.7507 3.43524 20.018 4.06225 23.1702C4.68926 26.3224 6.23692 29.2179 8.50952 31.4905C10.7821 33.7631 13.6776 35.3107 16.8298 35.9378C19.982 36.5648 23.2493 36.243 26.2186 35.013C29.1879 33.7831 31.7258 31.7003 33.5114 29.028C35.297 26.3557 36.25 23.2139 36.25 20C36.2455 15.6916 34.5319 11.561 31.4855 8.51454C28.439 5.46806 24.3084 3.75455 20 3.75ZM23.3844 25.3656C23.5005 25.4818 23.5926 25.6196 23.6555 25.7714C23.7184 25.9231 23.7507 26.0858 23.7507 26.25C23.7507 26.4142 23.7184 26.5769 23.6555 26.7286C23.5926 26.8804 23.5005 27.0182 23.3844 27.1344C23.2682 27.2505 23.1304 27.3426 22.9786 27.4055C22.8269 27.4683 22.6643 27.5007 22.5 27.5007C22.3358 27.5007 22.1731 27.4683 22.0214 27.4055C21.8696 27.3426 21.7318 27.2505 21.6156 27.1344L15.3656 20.8844C15.2494 20.7683 15.1572 20.6304 15.0943 20.4787C15.0314 20.3269 14.999 20.1643 14.999 20C14.999 19.8357 15.0314 19.6731 15.0943 19.5213C15.1572 19.3696 15.2494 19.2317 15.3656 19.1156L21.6156 12.8656C21.7318 12.7495 21.8696 12.6574 22.0214 12.5945C22.1731 12.5317 22.3358 12.4993 22.5 12.4993C22.6643 12.4993 22.8269 12.5317 22.9786 12.5945C23.1304 12.6574 23.2682 12.7495 23.3844 12.8656C23.5005 12.9818 23.5926 13.1196 23.6555 13.2714C23.7184 13.4231 23.7507 13.5858 23.7507 13.75C23.7507 13.9142 23.7184 14.0769 23.6555 14.2286C23.5926 14.3804 23.5005 14.5182 23.3844 14.6344L18.0172 20L23.3844 25.3656Z\" fill=\"#B5C0CD\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button><button class=\"swiper__arrow swiper__arrow--next video-carousel-swiper-button-next swiper__arrow swiper__arrow--next video-carousel-swiper-button-next-block_6a966323cea29\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-label=\"Next slide\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"40\" height=\"40\" viewbox=\"0 0 40 40\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M20 3.75C16.7861 3.75 13.6443 4.70305 10.972 6.48862C8.29969 8.27419 6.21689 10.8121 4.98696 13.7814C3.75704 16.7507 3.43524 20.018 4.06225 23.1702C4.68926 26.3224 6.23692 29.2179 8.50952 31.4905C10.7821 33.7631 13.6776 35.3107 16.8298 35.9378C19.982 36.5648 23.2493 36.243 26.2186 35.013C29.1879 33.7831 31.7258 31.7003 33.5114 29.028C35.297 26.3557 36.25 23.2139 36.25 20C36.2455 15.6916 34.5319 11.561 31.4855 8.51454C28.439 5.46806 24.3084 3.75455 20 3.75ZM23.3844 25.3656C23.5005 25.4818 23.5926 25.6196 23.6555 25.7714C23.7184 25.9231 23.7507 26.0858 23.7507 26.25C23.7507 26.4142 23.7184 26.5769 23.6555 26.7286C23.5926 26.8804 23.5005 27.0182 23.3844 27.1344C23.2682 27.2505 23.1304 27.3426 22.9786 27.4055C22.8269 27.4683 22.6643 27.5007 22.5 27.5007C22.3358 27.5007 22.1731 27.4683 22.0214 27.4055C21.8696 27.3426 21.7318 27.2505 21.6156 27.1344L15.3656 20.8844C15.2494 20.7683 15.1572 20.6304 15.0943 20.4787C15.0314 20.3269 14.999 20.1643 14.999 20C14.999 19.8357 15.0314 19.6731 15.0943 19.5213C15.1572 19.3696 15.2494 19.2317 15.3656 19.1156L21.6156 12.8656C21.7318 12.7495 21.8696 12.6574 22.0214 12.5945C22.1731 12.5317 22.3358 12.4993 22.5 12.4993C22.6643 12.4993 22.8269 12.5317 22.9786 12.5945C23.1304 12.6574 23.2682 12.7495 23.3844 12.8656C23.5005 12.9818 23.5926 13.1196 23.6555 13.2714C23.7184 13.4231 23.7507 13.5858 23.7507 13.75C23.7507 13.9142 23.7184 14.0769 23.6555 14.2286C23.5926 14.3804 23.5005 14.5182 23.3844 14.6344L18.0172 20L23.3844 25.3656Z\" fill=\"#B5C0CD\"><\/path><\/svg><\/button><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><script defer>\n    document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', function() {\n        const videosCarouselSwiper = new Swiper('.video-carousel-swiper-block_6a966323cea29', {\n            slidesPerView: 1,\n            spaceBetween: 20,\n            loop: true,\n            pagination: {\n                el: '.swiper-article-video-carousel__pagination-container-block_6a966323cea29',\n                clickable: true,\n            },\n            navigation: {\n                nextEl: '.video-carousel-swiper-button-next-block_6a966323cea29',\n                prevEl: '.video-carousel-swiper-button-prev-block_6a966323cea29',\n            },\n            on: {\n                slideChangeTransitionStart: function () {\n                    const videos = this.el.querySelectorAll('video');\n                    videos.forEach(video => {\n                        if (!video.paused) {\n                            video.pause();\n                            video.currentTime = 0;\n                        }\n                    });\n                },\n            }\n        })\n    })\n<\/script><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"epidemiologie\">\u00c9pid\u00e9miologie<\/h2>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La st\u00e9nose aortique occupe la premi\u00e8re place dans la structure de morbidit\u00e9 de toutes les pathologies valvulaires cardiaques. La pr\u00e9valence de la SA augmente consid\u00e9rablement avec l\u2019\u00e2ge : dans la tranche d\u2019\u00e2ge de plus de 75 ans, elle peut atteindre 12 <strong>\u2013<\/strong>13 %, tandis que le stade critique de la st\u00e9nose aortique est observ\u00e9 chez 3 <strong>\u2013<\/strong>4 % des patients \u00e2g\u00e9s. <\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les hommes sont plus souvent atteints de SA que les femmes. <\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dans les pays \u00e0 revenu \u00e9lev\u00e9, disposant d\u2019un syst\u00e8me de sant\u00e9 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9, la maladie est diagnostiqu\u00e9e plus souvent ; cela s\u2019explique par un niveau plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 de soins m\u00e9dicaux et l\u2019accessibilit\u00e9 des techniques de diagnostic. Dans les pays en d\u00e9veloppement, les donn\u00e9es sur la pr\u00e9valence de la SA sont limit\u00e9es, ce qui peut \u00eatre d\u00fb au sous-diagnostic et \u00e0 l\u2019esp\u00e9rance de vie plus courte.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dans le pass\u00e9, la st\u00e9nose aortique \u00e9tait principalement caus\u00e9e par un <span class=\"glossary-term\" data-title=\"Rhumatisme articulaire aigu\" data-tooltip=\"Le rhumatisme articulaire aigu (RAA) est une maladie inflammatoire syst\u00e9mique du tissu conjonctif qui se d\u00e9veloppe comme une complication tardive d&#039;une infection du pharynx (angine, pharyngite) caus\u00e9e par le streptocoque \u03b2-h\u00e9molytique du groupe&nbsp;A (SGA).\" data-link=\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/glossaire\/rhumatisme-articulaire-aigu\/\">rhumatisme articulaire aigu<\/span>, qui entra\u00eenait la d\u00e9formation et la fusion des feuillets valvulaires. Avec les progr\u00e8s de la m\u00e9decine et la diminution de l\u2019incidence du rhumatisme dans les pays d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s, la structure des facteurs \u00e9tiologiques a chang\u00e9. \u00c0 l\u2019heure actuelle, la principale cause de st\u00e9nose aortique est repr\u00e9sent\u00e9e par les modifications d\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ratives de la valve li\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e2ge, telles que la calcification et la fibrose des feuillets. Par ailleurs, le r\u00f4le de l\u2019<span class=\"glossary-term\" data-title=\"Ath\u00e9roscl\u00e9rose\" data-tooltip=\"L\u2019ath\u00e9roscl\u00e9rose (du grec ancien \u1f00\u03b8\u03ae\u03c1\u03b1 \u2014 bouillie et \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 \u2014 dur) est une maladie chronique des art\u00e8res de type \u00e9lastique et musculo-\u00e9lastique, caract\u00e9ris\u00e9e par le d\u00e9p\u00f4t et l\u2019accumulation de lipides (principalement du cholest\u00e9rol) dans l\u2019intima vasculaire. Ce processus conduit \u00e0 la formation de plaques ath\u00e9roscl\u00e9rotiques qui r\u00e9tr\u00e9cissent la lumi\u00e8re art\u00e9rielle, rigidifient et d\u00e9forment sa paroi, en r\u00e9duisant son \u00e9lasticit\u00e9.\" data-link=\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/glossaire\/atherosclerose\/\">ath\u00e9roscl\u00e9rose<\/span> dans le d\u00e9veloppement de la maladie s\u2019est accru. <\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La tendance \u00e0 l\u2019augmentation du nombre de patients atteints de SA dans le monde actuel est principalement li\u00e9e au vieillissement de la population, \u00e0 la baisse de la mortalit\u00e9 due \u00e0 d\u2019autres maladies, ainsi qu\u2019\u00e0 l\u2019am\u00e9lioration des m\u00e9thodes diagnostiques et de leur accessibilit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/articles\/Acquired%20Heart%20Diseases\/Aortic%20valve%20stenosis\/1_Aortic_valve_stenosis_rheumatic.webp\" alt=\"St\u00e9nose aortique rhumatismale\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">St\u00e9nose aortique rhumatismale \u2014 <a href=\"https:\/\/catalog.voka.io\/en\/models\/d1df170c-51ef-4d23-93b5-0380d03866e5\/dcb01001-048b-4342-a432-a6e7457cdd5e\/bd0c3f1b-4c20-4562-a70d-7fea4e320235\/afd818de-5be8-4a23-aad2-fa19caae81d5\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">mod\u00e8le 3D<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/articles\/Acquired%20Heart%20Diseases\/Aortic%20valve%20stenosis\/3D%20Model%20of%20Aortic%20Valve%20Stenosis%202.webp\" alt=\"St\u00e9nose aortique d\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rative\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">St\u00e9nose aortique d\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rative \u2014 <a href=\"https:\/\/catalog.voka.io\/en\/models\/d1df170c-51ef-4d23-93b5-0380d03866e5\/dcb01001-048b-4342-a432-a6e7457cdd5e\/bd0c3f1b-4c20-4562-a70d-7fea4e320235\/d6dd2d20-d673-42bf-ab3d-68b273702d2f\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">mod\u00e8le 3D<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"etiologie\">\u00c9tiologie<\/h2>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Modifications d\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ratives : <\/strong> calcification li\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e2ge des feuillets de la valve aortique, entra\u00eenant leur \u00e9paississement et une r\u00e9duction de leur mobilit\u00e9.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Anomalies cong\u00e9nitales : <\/strong> valve aortique bicuspide, qui pr\u00e9dispose \u00e0 un d\u00e9veloppement plus pr\u00e9coce de la calcification et, par cons\u00e9quent, \u00e0 la SA.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Rhumatisme articulaire aigu : <\/strong> il entra\u00eene une fusion des feuillets de la valve et leur d\u00e9formation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Plus rarement, la SA peut \u00eatre associ\u00e9e \u00e0 des affections telles que l\u2019insuffisance r\u00e9nale chronique, le syndrome carcino\u00efde, la maladie de Paget et le lupus \u00e9ryth\u00e9mateux syst\u00e9mique.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-video\" id=\"animation-3d-developpement-de-la-stenose-aortique\"><video controls><source data-src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/articles\/Acquired%20Heart%20Diseases\/Aortic%20valve%20stenosis\/Firstchap1.webm\" type=\"video\/webm\"><\/source><\/video><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Animation 3D \u2014 d\u00e9veloppement de la st\u00e9nose aortique<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"physiopathologie\">Physiopathologie<\/h2>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le r\u00e9tr\u00e9cissement de l\u2019orifice valvulaire augmente la r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9jection du sang, ce qui entra\u00eene une \u00e9l\u00e9vation de la pression systolique dans le ventricule gauche et son <span class=\"glossary-term\" data-title=\"Hypertrophie\" data-tooltip=\"L&#039;hypertrophie est une augmentation du volume d&#039;un tissu ou d&#039;un organe due \u00e0 une augmentation de la taille des cellules qui le composent. Ce processus se produit sans augmentation du nombre de cellules et constitue une forme d&#039;adaptation cellulaire \u00e0 une intensification du stress.\" data-link=\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/glossaire\/hypertrophie\/\">hypertrophie<\/span> concentrique \u2014 un \u00e9paississement des parois sans augmentation notable de la cavit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u2019hypertrophie entra\u00eene une diminution de la compliance (distensibilit\u00e9) du VG, ce qui alt\u00e8re sa capacit\u00e9 de relaxation en diastole. L\u2019augmentation de la pression diastolique dans le ventricule gauche est transmise \u00e0 l\u2019atrium gauche, provoquant son hypertrophie et sa dilatation. Cependant, ces m\u00e9canismes compensatoires ne parviennent pas \u00e0 neutraliser compl\u00e8tement l\u2019\u00e9l\u00e9vation progressive de la pression veineuse dans les vaisseaux pulmonaires, ce qui entra\u00eene une stase sanguine dans la circulation pulmonaire et peut provoquer l\u2019apparition de signes d\u2019insuffisance cardiaque. <\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aux stades pr\u00e9coces de la SA, le d\u00e9bit cardiaque est maintenu gr\u00e2ce au m\u00e9canisme de Frank-Starling, selon lequel la force de contraction du myocarde augmente \u00e0 mesure de son \u00e9tirement. Cependant, en cas de surcharge de pression prolong\u00e9e et de progression de l\u2019hypertrophie, les r\u00e9serves du myocarde s\u2019\u00e9puisent, ce qui entra\u00eene une diminution de la fonction contractile et le d\u00e9veloppement d\u2019une dysfonction systolique.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u2019hypertrophie des parois du VG entra\u00eene une augmentation des besoins du myocarde en oxyg\u00e8ne, tandis que l\u2019\u00e9l\u00e9vation de la pression diastolique limite la vascularisation des art\u00e8res coronaires en r\u00e9duisant l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 de leur perfusion, ce qui peut conduire \u00e0 une isch\u00e9mie myocardique m\u00eame en l\u2019absence d\u2019ath\u00e9roscl\u00e9rose coronaire.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La valvulopathie d\u00e9compens\u00e9e conduit \u00e0 une dilatation de la cavit\u00e9 du VG et de l\u2019anneau atrioventriculaire gauche, avec apparition d\u2019une insuffisance mitrale. <\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"manifestations-cliniques\"><strong>Manifestations cliniques<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La maladie peut rester asymptomatique pendant une longue p\u00e9riode. Avec le temps, l\u2019association des modifications d\u00e9crites ci-dessus conduit \u00e0 l\u2019apparition des sympt\u00f4mes caract\u00e9ristiques de la st\u00e9nose aortique : dyspn\u00e9e, angor et syncopes.<\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>La dyspn\u00e9e est caus\u00e9e par une stase sanguine dans les veines pulmonaires.<\/li>\n<li>L\u2019angine de poitrine est due \u00e0 l\u2019isch\u00e9mie du myocarde hypertrophi\u00e9.<\/li>\n<li>Les syncopes \u2014 en raison de la baisse du d\u00e9bit cardiaque et de l\u2019insuffisance du d\u00e9bit sanguin c\u00e9r\u00e9bral. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u2019apparition de ces sympt\u00f4mes t\u00e9moigne d\u2019un pronostic d\u00e9favorable et de la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 d\u2019envisager un traitement chirurgical. L\u2019apparition d\u2019un asthme cardiaque, d\u2019\u0153d\u00e8mes des membres inf\u00e9rieurs et d\u2019une h\u00e9patom\u00e9galie t\u00e9moigne du passage de la maladie au stade de d\u00e9compensation et impose une intervention m\u00e9dicale imm\u00e9diate. <\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"diagnostic\"><strong>Diagnostic<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u2019\u00e9chocardiographie est la principale m\u00e9thode diagnostique de la SA. Elle permet d\u2019\u00e9valuer l\u2019anatomie de la valve aortique, son degr\u00e9 de calcification, la surface de l\u2019orifice, le gradient de pression, ainsi que la fonction et la taille du ventricule gauche (VG). Une \u00e9chocardiographie transthoracique (ETT) est recommand\u00e9e pour l\u2019\u00e9valuation initiale. Lorsque l\u2019ETT ne fournit pas d\u2019informations suffisantes, une \u00e9chocardiographie trans\u0153sophagienne (ETO) est indiqu\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"classification-des-degres-de-stenose-aortique-selon-les-criteres-echocardiographiques\">Classification des degr\u00e9s de st\u00e9nose aortique selon les crit\u00e8res \u00e9chocardiographiques<\/h3>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table table-to-cards\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Param\u00e8tre<\/th>\n<th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">SA l\u00e9g\u00e8re<\/th>\n<th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">SA mod\u00e9r\u00e9e<\/th>\n<th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">SA s\u00e9v\u00e8re<\/th>\n<th class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">SA critique<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Vitesse maximale <br \/>(m\/s)<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">< 3,0<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">3,0\u20133,9<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u2265 4,0<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u2265 5,0<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Gradient moyen <br \/>(mm Hg)<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">< 20<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">20\u201339<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u2265 40<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u2265 60<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Surface valvulaire (cm\u00b2)<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">> 1,5<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">1,0\u20131,5<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u2264 1,0<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u2264 0,6<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">Surface valvulaire index\u00e9e <br \/>(cm\u00b2\/m\u00b2)<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">> 0,85<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">0,6\u20130,85<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u2264 0,6<\/td>\n<td class=\"has-text-align-center\" data-align=\"center\">\u2264 0,4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/figure>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les param\u00e8tres suivants sont utilis\u00e9s pour \u00e9valuer la gravit\u00e9 de la SA :<\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Vitesse maximale du flux \u00e0 travers la valve aortique (Vmax) : <\/strong> une valeur \u2265 4,0 m\/s indique une SA s\u00e9v\u00e8re ;<\/li>\n<li><strong>Gradient de pression moyen transvalvulaire (\u0394Pm) : <\/strong> une valeur \u2265 40 mm Hg p. t\u00e9moigne d\u2019une SA s\u00e9v\u00e8re ;<\/li>\n<li><strong>Surface de l\u2019orifice aortique (SOA) : <\/strong> une valeur \u2264 1,0 cm\u00b2 ou \u2264 0,6 cm\u00b2\/m\u00b2 de surface corporelle indique une SA s\u00e9v\u00e8re.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En cas de bas d\u00e9bit cardiaque et de fraction d\u2019\u00e9jection du VG r\u00e9duite (< 50 %), une \u00e9chocardiographie de stress sous dobutamine est recommand\u00e9e afin de diff\u00e9rencier une SA s\u00e9v\u00e8re vraie d\u2019une SA pseudo-s\u00e9v\u00e8re. <\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u2019<span class=\"glossary-term\" data-title=\"IRM (imagerie par r\u00e9sonance magn\u00e9tique)\" data-tooltip=\"L&#039;imagerie par r\u00e9sonance magn\u00e9tique (IRM) est une technique moderne et non invasive de radiodiagnostic qui permet d&#039;obtenir des images en coupe des organes et des tissus internes. Cet examen repose sur le ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne de r\u00e9sonance magn\u00e9tique nucl\u00e9aire. Le principal avantage de l&#039;IRM est l&#039;absence de rayonnements ionisants (radiation).\" data-link=\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/glossaire\/irm\/\">IRM<\/span> et la <span class=\"glossary-term\" data-title=\"Tomodensitom\u00e9trie\" data-tooltip=\"La tomodensitom\u00e9trie est une technique de radiodiagnostic qui utilise des rayons X pour obtenir des images en coupe des organes et des tissus internes. C&#039;est une des m\u00e9thodes d&#039;imagerie principales de la m\u00e9decine moderne, caract\u00e9ris\u00e9e par une grande capacit\u00e9 d&#039;information.\" data-link=\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/fr\/glossaire\/tdm-tomodensitometrie\/\">TDM<\/span> peuvent \u00eatre utilis\u00e9es comme examens compl\u00e9mentaires, notamment pour le choix de la voie d\u2019abord chirurgicale.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u2019angioscanner constitue l\u2019examen d\u2019imagerie de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence avant une proc\u00e9dure de TAVI (implantation valvulaire aortique par voie transcath\u00e9ter). Il permet d\u2019\u00e9valuer l\u2019anatomie de la racine et de l\u2019aorte ascendante, la s\u00e9v\u00e9rit\u00e9 et l\u2019\u00e9tendue des calcifications valvulaires et vasculaires, le risque d\u2019obstruction des art\u00e8res coronaires, ainsi que les possibilit\u00e9s d\u2019abord vasculaire.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u2019IRM permet de d\u00e9tecter et de quantifier la fibrose myocardique, qui constitue un signe de d\u00e9compensation de la st\u00e9nose aortique.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le dosage du peptide natriur\u00e9tique de type B (BNP) ou de son pr\u00e9curseur (NT-proBNP) peut \u00eatre utile pour la stratification du risque chez les patients atteints de SA. Des niveaux \u00e9lev\u00e9s de ces marqueurs sont associ\u00e9s \u00e0 un pronostic plus d\u00e9favorable et peuvent constituer un argument suppl\u00e9mentaire en faveur d\u2019une intervention chez les patients asymptomatiques.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"traitement-de-la-stenose-aortique\"><strong>Traitement de la st\u00e9nose aortique<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La modification des facteurs de risque contribue \u00e0 ralentir la progression de la SA et \u00e0 r\u00e9duire le risque de complications : contr\u00f4le de la pression art\u00e9rielle, maintien d\u2019un taux normal de lipides sanguins par le r\u00e9gime alimentaire et les hypolip\u00e9miants, arr\u00eat complet du tabac, contr\u00f4le strict de la glyc\u00e9mie, maintien d\u2019un poids sant\u00e9 gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 une alimentation \u00e9quilibr\u00e9e et \u00e0 une activit\u00e9 physique r\u00e9guli\u00e8re.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"therapie-medicamenteuse\">Th\u00e9rapie m\u00e9dicamenteuse<\/h3>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00c0 l\u2019heure actuelle, il n\u2019existe aucun m\u00e9dicament capable de ralentir la progression de la SA. Le traitement m\u00e9dicamenteux peut toutefois \u00eatre utile pour g\u00e9rer les sympt\u00f4mes et les affections associ\u00e9es : diur\u00e9tiques (pour r\u00e9duire la congestion pulmonaire en cas d\u2019insuffisance cardiaque), b\u00eatabloquants (pour contr\u00f4ler la fr\u00e9quence cardiaque et la pression art\u00e9rielle, en particulier en cas de cardiopathie isch\u00e9mique associ\u00e9e), inhibiteurs de l\u2019enzyme de conversion de l\u2019angiotensine ou antagonistes des r\u00e9cepteurs de l\u2019angiotensine II (en cas d\u2019insuffisance cardiaque ou d\u2019hypertension art\u00e9rielle). Important : Ces m\u00e9dicaments doivent \u00eatre utilis\u00e9s avec prudence, car une r\u00e9duction excessive de la pression art\u00e9rielle peut aggraver la perfusion des organes chez les patients souffrant d\u2019une SA s\u00e9v\u00e8re.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le remplacement de la valve aortique est indiqu\u00e9 dans les cas suivants :<\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>SA s\u00e9v\u00e8re symptomatique<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>SA s\u00e9v\u00e8re asymptomatique<\/strong> (en pr\u00e9sence d\u2019une dysfonction systolique du VG (FE < 50 %) ou d\u2019un test d\u2019effort positif).<\/li>\n<li><strong>SA tr\u00e8s s\u00e9v\u00e8re<\/strong> (gradient moyen \u2265 60 mm Hg p. ou vitesse maximale > 5,0 m\/s).<\/li>\n<li><strong>d\u00e9t\u00e9rioration rapide de l\u2019\u00e9tat du patient<\/strong> ou \u00e9l\u00e9vation brutale de la concentration sanguine de BNP.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u2019implantation valvulaire aortique par voie transcath\u00e9ter (TAVI) est une technique mini-invasive de remplacement de la valve aortique. Elle est le plus souvent pratiqu\u00e9e par voie art\u00e9rielle transf\u00e9morale. Toutefois, lorsque les art\u00e8res f\u00e9morales sont trop \u00e9troites, tortueuses ou affect\u00e9es par l\u2019ath\u00e9roscl\u00e9rose, des voies alternatives d\u2019insertion du cath\u00e9ter peuvent \u00eatre envisag\u00e9es : voie transapicale \u2013 par l\u2019apex du VG, voie transaortique \u2013 par l\u2019aorte ascendante, voie trans-sous-clavi\u00e8re \u2013 par l\u2019art\u00e8re subclavi\u00e8re. On utilise des valves expansibles par ballonnet et des valves auto-expansibles. <\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La TAVI doit \u00eatre privil\u00e9gi\u00e9e chez les patients \u00e2g\u00e9s de \u2265 75 ans et\/ou pr\u00e9sentant un risque chirurgical \u00e9lev\u00e9 (EuroSCORE II > 8 %) et\/ou en cas d\u2019impossibilit\u00e9 de chirurgie ouverte en raison de comorbidit\u00e9s.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Contre-indications \u00e0 la TAVI : <\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Impossibilit\u00e9 d\u2019acc\u00e9der \u00e0 la valve aortique par voie vasculaire (en raison d\u2019une ath\u00e9roscl\u00e9rose s\u00e9v\u00e8re ou d\u2019un petit diam\u00e8tre art\u00e9riel) ;<\/li>\n<li>Anatomie d\u00e9favorable de la valve ou de l\u2019aorte rendant l\u2019intervention techniquement irr\u00e9alisable ;<\/li>\n<li>Esp\u00e9rance de vie inf\u00e9rieure \u00e0 1 an ou absence d\u2019am\u00e9lioration de la qualit\u00e9 de vie apr\u00e8s l\u2019intervention.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-video\" id=\"animation-3d-implantation-valvulaire-aortique-par-voie-transcatheter\"><video controls><source data-src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/articles\/Acquired%20Heart%20Diseases\/Aortic%20valve%20stenosis\/Sec.webm\" type=\"video\/webm\"><\/source><\/video><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Animation 3D \u2014 implantation valvulaire aortique par voie transcath\u00e9ter<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<div class=\"social-banner-block\">\n<div class=\"social-banner-content\">\n<p class=\"h5-title text-black\">Retrouvez d\u2019autres contenus scientifiquement exacts sur nos m\u00e9dias sociaux<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"social-banner-text text-grey\">Abonnez-vous et ne manquez pas les derni\u00e8res ressources<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"banner-icons-wrapper\"><a class=\"social-icon-link\" href=\"\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/VOKA3DAnatomyAndPathology\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/common\/Social%20Icons\/facebook.svg\" alt=\"social link\"><\/a><a class=\"social-icon-link\" href=\"\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/voka.io\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/common\/Social%20Icons\/insta.svg\" alt=\"social link\"><\/a><a class=\"social-icon-link\" href=\"\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/voka-io\/posts\/?feedView=all\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/common\/Social%20Icons\/linkedin.svg\" alt=\"social link\"><\/a><a class=\"social-icon-link\" href=\"\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@vokaio\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/common\/Social%20Icons\/youtube.svg\" alt=\"social link\"><\/a><a class=\"social-icon-link\" href=\"\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/voka3danatomyandpathology\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/common\/Social%20Icons\/pinterest.svg\" alt=\"social link\"><\/a><a class=\"social-icon-link\" href=\"\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.tiktok.com\/@voka.io\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/common\/Social%20Icons\/tiktok.svg\" alt=\"social link\"><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"social-banner-image\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/common\/social-media-banner-mobile-image.webp\" alt=\"Banner background\"><\/div>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"remplacement-chirurgical-de-la-valve-aortique-rcva\"><strong>Remplacement chirurgical de la valve aortique<\/strong> (RCVA)<\/h3>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le remplacement chirurgical de la valve aortique \u00e0 c\u0153ur ouvert reste l\u2019option standard pour de nombreux patients. Des valves m\u00e9caniques ou biologiques peuvent \u00eatre implant\u00e9es. L\u2019intervention est r\u00e9alis\u00e9e sous circulation extracorporelle. En fonction des caract\u00e9ristiques anatomiques, elle peut \u00eatre r\u00e9alis\u00e9e par sternotomie compl\u00e8te, par mini-sternotomie ou par mini-thoracotomie ant\u00e9rieure droite.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Contre-indications au RCVA : risque chirurgical \u00e9lev\u00e9 ou pr\u00e9sence de comorbidit\u00e9s rendant l\u2019intervention dangereuse.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-video\" id=\"animation-3d-remplacement-de-la-valve-aortique\"><video controls><source data-src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/articles\/Acquired%20Heart%20Diseases\/Aortic%20valve%20insufficiency\/AVR_Wiki_sound.webm\" type=\"video\/webm\"><\/source><\/video><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Animation 3D \u2014 remplacement de la valve aortique<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<div>\n<h2 class=\"faq-title h2-article\" id=\"faq\">FAQ<\/h2>\n<div class=\"faq-section\">\n<div class=\"faq-item faq-answer-hidden\">\n<div class=\"question-block\">\n<div class=\"faq-question\">\n<p class=\" text-black h5-title\">1. Pourquoi la st\u00e9nose aortique survient-elle ?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-answer text-main-text-color main-text-medium\">Les sc\u00e9narios les plus courants sont\u00a0: <br \/>\u2022 Modifications d\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ratives li\u00e9es \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e2ge.<br \/>\u2022 Valve bicuspide cong\u00e9nitale. <br \/>\u2022 S\u00e9quelles d\u2019un rhumatisme articulaire aigu.<br \/>Plus rarement, elle peut \u00eatre associ\u00e9e \u00e0 des affections telles que l\u2019insuffisance r\u00e9nale chronique, le syndrome carcino\u00efde, la maladie de Paget et le lupus \u00e9ryth\u00e9mateux syst\u00e9mique.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"expand-button-wrapper\"><button class=\"text-accent expand-button\">+<\/button><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-item faq-answer-hidden\">\n<div class=\"question-block\">\n<div class=\"faq-question\">\n<p class=\" text-black h5-title\">2. Quelles sont les donn\u00e9es auscultatoires caract\u00e9ristiques de la st\u00e9nose aortique ?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-answer text-main-text-color main-text-medium\">\u00c0 l\u2019auscultation, on retrouve :<br \/>\u2022 un souffle systolique rude (maximal au 2e espace intercostal droit, irradiant vers les vaisseaux du cou) ; <br \/>\u2022 une diminution du B2 (en raison de la r\u00e9duction de la mobilit\u00e9 des feuillets) ; <br \/>\u2022 un d\u00e9doublement paradoxal du B2 (en cas de SA s\u00e9v\u00e8re).<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"expand-button-wrapper\"><button class=\"text-accent expand-button\">+<\/button><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-item faq-answer-hidden\">\n<div class=\"question-block\">\n<div class=\"faq-question\">\n<p class=\" text-black h5-title\">3. Comment l\u2019h\u00e9modynamique se modifie-t-elle en cas de st\u00e9nose aortique ?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-answer text-main-text-color main-text-medium\">\u2022 R\u00e9tr\u00e9cissement de la valve aortique \u2192 augmentation de la pression dans le ventricule gauche \u2192 hypertrophie concentrique du VG \u2192 diminution de la compliance du VG \u2192 \u00e9l\u00e9vation de la pression dans l\u2019oreillette gauche \u2192 congestion veineuse pulmonaire. <br \/>\u2022 Augmentation des besoins du myocarde en oxyg\u00e8ne + alt\u00e9ration de la perfusion coronaire \u2192 isch\u00e9mie myocardique. <br \/>\u2022 En cas de progression \u2192 dysfonction systolique \u2192 dilatation du VG et insuffisance mitrale \u2192 insuffisance cardiaque.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"expand-button-wrapper\"><button class=\"text-accent expand-button\">+<\/button><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-item faq-answer-hidden\">\n<div class=\"question-block\">\n<div class=\"faq-question\">\n<p class=\" text-black h5-title\">4. Quelles sont les plaintes caract\u00e9ristiques des patients atteints de st\u00e9nose aortique ?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-answer text-main-text-color main-text-medium\">La \u00ab triade symptomatique \u00bb est caract\u00e9ristique : <br \/>1. dyspn\u00e9e (en raison de la congestion pulmonaire) ; <br \/>2. angor (isch\u00e9mie du myocarde hypertrophi\u00e9) ; <br \/>3. syncopes (\u00e0 l\u2019effort). <br \/>On note \u00e9galement une fatigabilit\u00e9, une faiblesse et des vertiges (cons\u00e9quence de la baisse du d\u00e9bit cardiaque).<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"expand-button-wrapper\"><button class=\"text-accent expand-button\">+<\/button><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-item faq-answer-hidden\">\n<div class=\"question-block\">\n<div class=\"faq-question\">\n<p class=\" text-black h5-title\">5. En quoi la TAVI diff\u00e8re-t-elle de la chirurgie ?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-answer text-main-text-color main-text-medium\">La TAVI ne n\u00e9cessite pas d\u2019incision thoracique, mais ses indications sont limit\u00e9es. L\u2019intervention chirurgicale ouverte de remplacement de la valve aortique demeure le traitement de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence en cas de faible risque chirurgical.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"expand-button-wrapper\"><button class=\"text-accent expand-button\">+<\/button><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"sources-list-block sources-list-hidden\" id=\"references\">\n<div class=\"sources-list-content\">\n<div class=\"sources-list-title\">\n<p class=\"small-text-bold text-black sources-list-title-text\">R\u00e9f\u00e9rences<\/p>\n<div class=\"sources-expand-button-wrapper-mobile\">\n<div class=\"sources-expand-button\"><svg width=\"32\" height=\"32\" viewbox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M8 12L16 20L24 12\" stroke=\"#8C9AAB\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"sources-list-items\">\n<div class=\"source-item\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\">1.<\/p>\n<div class=\"source-item-content\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\"><cite>VOKA 3D Anatomy & Pathology \u2013 Atlas 3D complet d\u2019anatomie et de pathologie [Internet]. VOKA 3D Anatomy & Pathology (VOKA 3D Anatomie et Pathologie). <\/cite><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"small-text-medium text-grey\">Disponible depuis\u00a0: https:\/\/catalog.voka.io\/<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"source-item\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\">2.<\/p>\n<div class=\"source-item-content\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\"><cite>Vahanian A, Beyersdorf F, Praz F, Milojevic M, Baldus S, Bauersachs J, et al.; ESC\/EACTS Scientific Document Group. 2021 ESC\/EACTS guidelines for the management of valvular heart disease [Recommandations ESC\/EACTS 2021 pour la prise en charge des valvulopathies]. Eur Heart J. 2022 Feb 12;43(7):561\u2013632. doi:10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab395.<\/cite><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"source-item\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\">3.<\/p>\n<div class=\"source-item-content\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\"><cite>Chen J, et al. Burden of valvular heart disease, 1990\u20132017: Results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017[Fardeau des valvulopathies, 1990\u20132017 : r\u00e9sultats de l\u2019\u00e9tude Global Burden of Disease 2017]. J Glob Health. 2020 Sep 8;10(2):020404. doi:10.7189\/jogh.10.020404.<\/cite><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"source-item\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\">4.<\/p>\n<div class=\"source-item-content\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\"><cite>Joseph J, Naqvi SY, Giri J, Goldberg S. Aortic stenosis: Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and therapy [St\u00e9nose aortique : physiopathologie, diagnostic et traitement]. Am J Med. 2017 Mar;130(3):253\u2013263. doi:10.1016\/j.amjmed.2016.10.005.<\/cite><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"source-item\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\">5.<\/p>\n<div class=\"source-item-content\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\"><cite>Zheng KH, Tzolos E, Dweck MR. Pathophysiology of aortic stenosis and future perspectives for medical therapy [Physiopathologie de la st\u00e9nose aortique et perspectives d\u2019avenir du traitement m\u00e9dical]. Cardiol Clin. 2020 Feb;38(1):1\u201312. doi:10.1016\/j.ccl.2019.09.010.<\/cite><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"source-item\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\">6.<\/p>\n<div class=\"source-item-content\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\"><cite>Kanwar A, Thaden JJ, Nkomo VT. Management of patients with aortic valve stenosis [Prise en charge des patients atteints de st\u00e9nose aortique]. Mayo Clin Proc. 2018 avr;93(4):488\u2013508. doi:10.1016\/j.mayocp.2018.01.020.<\/cite><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"source-item\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\">7.<\/p>\n<div class=\"source-item-content\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\"><cite>Howard C, Jullian L, Joshi M, Noshirwani A, Bashir M, Harky A. TAVI and the future of aortic valve replacement [La TAVI et l\u2019avenir du remplacement valvulaire aortique]. J Card Surg. 2019 Dec;34(12):1577\u20131590. doi:10.1111\/jocs.14226.<\/cite><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"sources-expand-button-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"sources-expand-button\"><svg width=\"32\" height=\"32\" viewbox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M8 12L16 20L24 12\" stroke=\"#8C9AAB\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La st\u00e9nose aortique (SA) est une cardiopathie dans laquelle la valve aortique est r\u00e9tr\u00e9cie et entrave l&rsquo;\u00e9coulement normal du sang depuis le ventricule gauche (VG). \u00c9pid\u00e9miologie La st\u00e9nose aortique occupe la premi\u00e8re place dans la structure de morbidit\u00e9 de toutes les pathologies valvulaires cardiaques. La pr\u00e9valence de la SA augmente consid\u00e9rablement avec l&rsquo;\u00e2ge : dans [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"template":"","diseases_category":[230],"class_list":["post-609","diseases_post","type-diseases_post","status-publish","hentry","diseases_category-cardiologie"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.0 (Yoast SEO v27.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>St\u00e9nose aortique : sympt\u00f4mes, classification, degr\u00e9s de s\u00e9v\u00e9rit\u00e9, tableau clinique, traitement<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La st\u00e9nose aortique est une cardiopathie dans laquelle la valve aortique est r\u00e9tr\u00e9cie et entrave l&#039;\u00e9coulement normal du sang depuis le ventricule gauche. 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