{"id":7295,"date":"2026-06-11T10:13:59","date_gmt":"2026-06-11T07:13:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/glossary\/sincitio\/"},"modified":"2026-07-23T14:05:20","modified_gmt":"2026-07-23T11:05:20","slug":"sincitio","status":"publish","type":"glossary_item","link":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/glosario\/sincitio\/","title":{"rendered":"Sincitio"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Sincitio (del griego syn<\/em> \u2014 juntos y kytos<\/em> \u2014 c\u00e9lula) es una gran estructura celular multinucleada no dividida por membranas celulares. <\/p>\n\n

En infectolog\u00eda, la formaci\u00f3n de sincitios es un efecto citop\u00e1tico espec\u00edfico (destructivo) causado por ciertos virus al infectar tejidos humanos.<\/p>\n\n

Etiolog\u00eda y fisiopatolog\u00eda<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

Algunos virus que contienen ARN y ADN (principalmente el virus sincitial respiratorio, coronavirus, virus del herpes simple) poseen prote\u00ednas de fusi\u00f3n espec\u00edficas (F-prote\u00ednas) en su envoltura exterior.<\/p>\n\n

El proceso de infecci\u00f3n viral y formaci\u00f3n de sincitio ocurre de la siguiente manera:<\/p>\n\n

    \n
  1. penetraci\u00f3n del virus<\/strong> \u2014 cuando el virus penetra dentro de la c\u00e9lula humana, la c\u00e9lula infectada libera nuevos virus en c\u00e9lulas sanas adyacentes;<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. acci\u00f3n del adhesivo molecular<\/strong> \u2014 la c\u00e9lula infectada puede continuar produciendo virus o fusionarse con otras c\u00e9lulas mediante la prote\u00edna de fusi\u00f3n (prote\u00edna F);<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. uni\u00f3n de c\u00e9lulas<\/strong> \u2014 como resultado, decenas de c\u00e9lulas independientes se fusionan en una estructura con m\u00faltiples n\u00facleos (sincitio).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n

    Importancia cl\u00ednica<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

    La formaci\u00f3n de sincitios conduce a una r\u00e1pida y masiva muerte de tejidos saludables.<\/p>\n\n

    El significado cl\u00ednico y diagn\u00f3stico del fen\u00f3meno es el siguiente:<\/p>\n\n

      \n
    • necrosis de los tejidos afectados<\/strong> \u2014 la c\u00e9lula que se ha convertido en un sincitio pierde sus funciones y pronto muere (por ejemplo, en la infecci\u00f3n por el virus sincitial respiratorio, el epitelio ciliado de las v\u00edas respiratorias se fusiona en capas multinucleadas que luego mueren y se desprenden en fragmentos completos directamente en el lumen de los bronquios);<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • detecci\u00f3n de virus<\/strong> \u2014 en el diagn\u00f3stico de laboratorio, el fen\u00f3meno se utiliza para identificar el pat\u00f3geno: en la microscop\u00eda de frotis (por ejemplo, en la prueba de Tzanck para el herpes) el t\u00e9cnico de laboratorio busca visualmente las c\u00e9lulas multinucleadas gigantes caracter\u00edsticas, lo que sirve como confirmaci\u00f3n directa de la infecci\u00f3n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Sincitio (del griego syn<\/em> \u2014 juntos y kytos<\/em> \u2014 c\u00e9lula) es una gran estructura celular multinucleada no dividida por membranas celulares. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-7295","glossary_item","type-glossary_item","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nSincitio: definici\u00f3n m\u00e9dica y descripci\u00f3n | Voka Wiki<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Sincitio (del griego syn \u2014 juntos y kytos \u2014 c\u00e9lula) es una gran estructura celular multinucleada no dividida por membranas celulares.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/glosario\/sincitio\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Sincitio\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Sincitio (del griego syn \u2014 juntos y kytos \u2014 c\u00e9lula) es una gran estructura celular multinucleada no dividida por membranas celulares.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/glosario\/sincitio\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Voka Wiki\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/VOKA3DAnatomyAndPathology\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-07-23T11:05:20+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Tiempo de lectura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"2 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/es\\\/glosario\\\/sincitio\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/es\\\/glosario\\\/sincitio\\\/\",\"name\":\"Sincitio: definici\u00f3n m\u00e9dica y descripci\u00f3n | Voka Wiki\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/es\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2026-06-11T07:13:59+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-07-23T11:05:20+00:00\",\"description\":\"Sincitio (del griego syn \u2014 juntos y kytos \u2014 c\u00e9lula) es una gran estructura celular multinucleada no dividida por membranas celulares.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/es\\\/glosario\\\/sincitio\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/es\\\/glosario\\\/sincitio\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/es\\\/glosario\\\/sincitio\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/es\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Glosario\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/es\\\/glosario\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Sincitio\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/es\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/es\\\/\",\"name\":\"Voka Wiki\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/es\\\/#organization\"},\"alternateName\":\"Anatomy & Pathology Wiki by VOKA\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/es\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"es\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/es\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Voka 3D Anatomy & Pathology\",\"alternateName\":\"VOKA\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/es\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/es\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/02\\\/cropped-voka-logo-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/02\\\/cropped-voka-logo-1.png\",\"width\":70,\"height\":16,\"caption\":\"Voka 3D Anatomy & Pathology\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/es\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/VOKA3DAnatomyAndPathology\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instagram.com\\\/voka.io\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.linkedin.com\\\/company\\\/voka-io\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/channel\\\/UCqGGuOEpr62ScH8Pjk2q5zw\\\/videos\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pinterest.com\\\/VokaAnatomyPro\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.threads.com\\\/@voka.io\"],\"description\":\"VOKA.io offers 3D medical animations and custom 3D modeling services. 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