{"id":6214,"date":"2026-02-26T16:53:44","date_gmt":"2026-02-26T13:53:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/glossary\/colposcopia\/"},"modified":"2026-04-16T13:56:37","modified_gmt":"2026-04-16T10:56:37","slug":"colposcopia","status":"publish","type":"glossary_item","link":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/glossary\/colposcopia\/","title":{"rendered":"Colposcopia"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

La colposcopia (del griego kolpos<\/em> \u2014 vagina, skopeo<\/em> \u2014 ver) es un m\u00e9todo altamente informativo para el diagn\u00f3stico visual instrumental de patolog\u00edas del cuello uterino, la vagina y la vulva, realizado mediante un microscopio binocular (colposcopio) con fuente de luz.<\/p>\n\n

Etiolog\u00eda y fisiopatolog\u00eda<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

El m\u00e9todo se basa en el estudio de la reacci\u00f3n del epitelio y el patr\u00f3n vascular bajo aumentos m\u00faltiples (de 7 a 30 veces) al realizar pruebas diagn\u00f3sticas (colposcopia ampliada):<\/p>\n\n

    \n
  1. Prueba con \u00e1cido ac\u00e9tico al 3%:<\/strong> El \u00e1cido provoca la coagulaci\u00f3n de las prote\u00ednas intracelulares y un espasmo transitorio de los vasos. El epitelio patol\u00f3gico (displasia, infecci\u00f3n por VPH) con alta densidad de n\u00facleos, se blanquea de manera m\u00e1s intensa y prolongada que el normal (efecto del epitelio acetoblanco).<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Prueba de Schiller (con soluci\u00f3n de Lugol):<\/strong> El epitelio escamoso maduro, rico en gluc\u00f3geno, se ti\u00f1e de color marr\u00f3n oscuro con yodo. Las c\u00e9lulas patol\u00f3gicamente alteradas (cancerosas, displ\u00e1sicas) son pobres en gluc\u00f3geno y permanecen sin te\u00f1ir (yodo-negativas).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n

    Importancia cl\u00ednica<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

    La colposcopia es una parte integral del cribado del c\u00e1ncer de cuello uterino (triada: citolog\u00eda + prueba de VPH + colposcopia). Permite diferenciar los cambios benignos (ectopia, zona de transformaci\u00f3n, quistes de Naboth) de los sospechosos (leucoplasia, punteado, mosaico, vasos at\u00edpicos). El objetivo principal del procedimiento es guiar la biopsia dirigida del \u00e1rea m\u00e1s alterada para una verificaci\u00f3n histol\u00f3gica precisa del diagn\u00f3stico.<\/p>\n\n

    <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    La colposcopia (del griego kolpos<\/em> \u2014 vagina, skopeo<\/em> \u2014 ver) es un m\u00e9todo altamente informativo para el diagn\u00f3stico visual instrumental de patolog\u00edas del cuello uterino, la vagina y la vulva, realizado mediante un microscopio binocular (colposcopio) con fuente de luz.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-6214","glossary_item","type-glossary_item","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nColposcopia: definici\u00f3n m\u00e9dica y descripci\u00f3n | Voka Wiki<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La colposcopia (del griego kolpos \u2014 vagina, skopeo \u2014 ver) es un m\u00e9todo altamente informativo para el diagn\u00f3stico visual instrumental de patolog\u00edas del cuello uterino, la vagina y la vulva, realizado mediante un microscopio binocular (colposcopio) con fuente de luz.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, 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