{"id":4892,"date":"2026-03-16T13:02:08","date_gmt":"2026-03-16T10:02:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/glossary\/laminectomia\/"},"modified":"2026-04-01T18:37:24","modified_gmt":"2026-04-01T15:37:24","slug":"laminectomia","status":"publish","type":"glossary_item","link":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/glossary\/laminectomia\/","title":{"rendered":"Laminectom\u00eda"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>La laminectom\u00eda (del lat\u00edn <em>lamina<\/em> \u2014 l\u00e1mina y del griego <em>ektom\u00e9<\/em> \u2014 escisi\u00f3n, eliminaci\u00f3n) es una operaci\u00f3n neuroquir\u00fargica en la columna vertebral que consiste en la escisi\u00f3n completa del arco vertebral.<\/p>\n\n<p>El objetivo principal de este procedimiento es la expansi\u00f3n f\u00edsica del canal espinal para aliviar la compresi\u00f3n cr\u00edtica de la m\u00e9dula espinal o de las ra\u00edces nerviosas adyacentes.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-&#x44D;&#x442;&#x438;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x438;&#x44F;-&#x438;-&#x43F;&#x430;&#x442;&#x43E;&#x444;&#x438;&#x437;&#x438;&#x43E;&#x43B;&#x43E;&#x433;&#x438;&#x44F;\"><strong>Etiolog\u00eda y fisiopatolog\u00eda<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n<p>Anat\u00f3micamente, el arco \u00f3seo cubre la m\u00e9dula espinal desde atr\u00e1s, cumpliendo una funci\u00f3n protectora crucial. Sin embargo, en caso de lesiones graves (fracturas conminutas desplazadas) o enfermedades degenerativas, el espacio dentro del canal espinal puede reducirse dr\u00e1sticamente. En la patog\u00e9nesis de la estenosis tambi\u00e9n participa la hipertrofia compensatoria del ligamento amarillo adyacente.<\/p>\n\n<p>Durante la operaci\u00f3n, el cirujano elimina la ap\u00f3fisis espinosa y ambas l\u00e1minas \u00f3seas del arco vertebral hasta las ap\u00f3fisis articulares. Esto crea una amplia \u00abventana de descompresi\u00f3n\u00bb para el saco dural. Como resultado de la intervenci\u00f3n, se restaura inmediatamente la circulaci\u00f3n normal del l\u00edquido cefalorraqu\u00eddeo y el suministro arterial adecuado a los tejidos nerviosos isqu\u00e9micos.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-&#x43A;&#x43B;&#x438;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x447;&#x435;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x43E;&#x435;-&#x437;&#x43D;&#x430;&#x447;&#x435;&#x43D;&#x438;&#x435;\"><strong>Importancia cl\u00ednica<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n<p>La laminectom\u00eda sigue siendo el est\u00e1ndar de oro cl\u00e1sico en la cirug\u00eda de emergencia para los s\u00edndromes de compresi\u00f3n aguda, como la formaci\u00f3n de hematoma epidural postraum\u00e1tico. Adem\u00e1s, se realiza la operaci\u00f3n para obtener acceso quir\u00fargico directo a la m\u00e9dula espinal para extirpar tumores intramedulares.<\/p>\n\n<p>A pesar de su alta eficacia cl\u00ednica en la recuperaci\u00f3n de funciones nerviosas, la eliminaci\u00f3n completa del complejo de soporte posterior inevitablemente lleva a una reducci\u00f3n de la estabilidad biomec\u00e1nica del segmento espinal. Por esta raz\u00f3n, en la traumatolog\u00eda moderna, la laminectom\u00eda casi siempre se complementa con una etapa de estabilizaci\u00f3n \u2014 espondilodesis transpedicular (fijaci\u00f3n de v\u00e9rtebras con tornillos de titanio).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La laminectom\u00eda (del lat\u00edn <em>lamina<\/em> \u2014 l\u00e1mina y del griego <em>ektom\u00e9<\/em> \u2014 escisi\u00f3n, eliminaci\u00f3n) es una operaci\u00f3n neuroquir\u00fargica en la columna vertebral que consiste en la escisi\u00f3n completa del arco vertebral.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-4892","glossary_item","type-glossary_item","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.0 (Yoast SEO v26.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Laminectom\u00eda: definici\u00f3n m\u00e9dica y descripci\u00f3n | Voka Wiki<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La laminectom\u00eda (del lat\u00edn lamina \u2014 l\u00e1mina y del griego ektom\u00e9 \u2014 escisi\u00f3n, eliminaci\u00f3n) es una operaci\u00f3n neuroquir\u00fargica en la columna vertebral que consiste en la escisi\u00f3n completa del arco vertebral.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/glossary\/laminectomia\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Laminectom\u00eda\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"La laminectom\u00eda (del lat\u00edn lamina \u2014 l\u00e1mina y del griego ektom\u00e9 \u2014 escisi\u00f3n, eliminaci\u00f3n) es una operaci\u00f3n neuroquir\u00fargica en la columna vertebral que consiste en la escisi\u00f3n completa del arco vertebral.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/glossary\/laminectomia\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Voka Wiki\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/VOKA3DAnatomyAndPathology\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-04-01T15:37:24+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Tiempo de lectura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"2 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/glossary\/laminectomia\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/glossary\/laminectomia\/\",\"name\":\"Laminectom\u00eda: definici\u00f3n m\u00e9dica y descripci\u00f3n | Voka Wiki\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2026-03-16T10:02:08+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-04-01T15:37:24+00:00\",\"description\":\"La laminectom\u00eda (del lat\u00edn lamina \u2014 l\u00e1mina y del griego ektom\u00e9 \u2014 escisi\u00f3n, eliminaci\u00f3n) es una operaci\u00f3n neuroquir\u00fargica en la columna vertebral que consiste en la escisi\u00f3n completa del arco vertebral.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/glossary\/laminectomia\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/glossary\/laminectomia\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/glossary\/laminectomia\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Glosario\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/glosario\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Laminectom\u00eda\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/\",\"name\":\"Voka Wiki\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/#organization\"},\"alternateName\":\"Anatomy & Pathology Wiki by VOKA\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"es\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Voka 3D Anatomy & Pathology\",\"alternateName\":\"VOKA\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/cropped-voka-logo-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/cropped-voka-logo-1.png\",\"width\":70,\"height\":16,\"caption\":\"Voka 3D Anatomy & Pathology\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/VOKA3DAnatomyAndPathology\/\",\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/voka.io\/\",\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/voka-io\/\",\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCqGGuOEpr62ScH8Pjk2q5zw\/videos\",\"https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/VokaAnatomyPro\/\",\"https:\/\/www.threads.com\/@voka.io\"],\"description\":\"VOKA.io offers 3D medical animations and custom 3D modeling services. Our product, VOKA 3D Anatomy & Pathology, is a digital atlas with over 1,000 detailed 3D models of human anatomy and pathology, designed for medical education, training, and patient communication.\",\"email\":\"info@voka.io\",\"telephone\":\"+1 814 351 4442\",\"legalName\":\"Voka 3D Anatomy & Pathology\",\"foundingDate\":\"2017-02-12\",\"naics\":\"541512\",\"numberOfEmployees\":{\"@type\":\"QuantitativeValue\",\"minValue\":\"51\",\"maxValue\":\"200\"},\"publishingPrinciples\":\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/principios-de-publicacion\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Laminectom\u00eda: definici\u00f3n m\u00e9dica y descripci\u00f3n | Voka Wiki","description":"La laminectom\u00eda (del lat\u00edn lamina \u2014 l\u00e1mina y del griego ektom\u00e9 \u2014 escisi\u00f3n, eliminaci\u00f3n) es una operaci\u00f3n neuroquir\u00fargica en la columna vertebral que consiste en la escisi\u00f3n completa del arco vertebral.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/glossary\/laminectomia\/","og_locale":"es_ES","og_type":"article","og_title":"Laminectom\u00eda","og_description":"La laminectom\u00eda (del lat\u00edn lamina \u2014 l\u00e1mina y del griego ektom\u00e9 \u2014 escisi\u00f3n, eliminaci\u00f3n) es una operaci\u00f3n neuroquir\u00fargica en la columna vertebral que consiste en la escisi\u00f3n completa del arco vertebral.","og_url":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/glossary\/laminectomia\/","og_site_name":"Voka Wiki","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/VOKA3DAnatomyAndPathology\/","article_modified_time":"2026-04-01T15:37:24+00:00","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Tiempo de lectura":"2 minutos"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/glossary\/laminectomia\/","url":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/glossary\/laminectomia\/","name":"Laminectom\u00eda: definici\u00f3n m\u00e9dica y descripci\u00f3n | Voka Wiki","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/#website"},"datePublished":"2026-03-16T10:02:08+00:00","dateModified":"2026-04-01T15:37:24+00:00","description":"La laminectom\u00eda (del lat\u00edn lamina \u2014 l\u00e1mina y del griego ektom\u00e9 \u2014 escisi\u00f3n, eliminaci\u00f3n) es una operaci\u00f3n neuroquir\u00fargica en la columna vertebral que consiste en la escisi\u00f3n completa del arco vertebral.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/glossary\/laminectomia\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"es","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/glossary\/laminectomia\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/glossary\/laminectomia\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Glosario","item":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/glosario\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Laminectom\u00eda"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/#website","url":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/","name":"Voka Wiki","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/#organization"},"alternateName":"Anatomy & Pathology Wiki by VOKA","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"es"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/#organization","name":"Voka 3D Anatomy & Pathology","alternateName":"VOKA","url":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"es","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/cropped-voka-logo-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/cropped-voka-logo-1.png","width":70,"height":16,"caption":"Voka 3D Anatomy & Pathology"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/VOKA3DAnatomyAndPathology\/","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/voka.io\/","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/voka-io\/","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCqGGuOEpr62ScH8Pjk2q5zw\/videos","https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/VokaAnatomyPro\/","https:\/\/www.threads.com\/@voka.io"],"description":"VOKA.io offers 3D medical animations and custom 3D modeling services. Our product, VOKA 3D Anatomy & Pathology, is a digital atlas with over 1,000 detailed 3D models of human anatomy and pathology, designed for medical education, training, and patient communication.","email":"info@voka.io","telephone":"+1 814 351 4442","legalName":"Voka 3D Anatomy & Pathology","foundingDate":"2017-02-12","naics":"541512","numberOfEmployees":{"@type":"QuantitativeValue","minValue":"51","maxValue":"200"},"publishingPrinciples":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/principios-de-publicacion\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary_item\/4892","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/glossary_item"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/glossary_item"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4892"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}