{"id":2961,"date":"2026-01-29T17:20:47","date_gmt":"2026-01-29T14:20:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/diseases\/uncategorized\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%ae%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%85\/"},"modified":"2026-04-30T15:37:57","modified_gmt":"2026-04-30T12:37:57","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%ae%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%85","status":"publish","type":"diseases_post","link":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ar\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6\/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%B1\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><?xml encoding=\"UTF-8\" ?><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645<\/strong> \u0647\u0648 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\u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 <strong>\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 (ASA)<\/strong> \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0634\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644: <strong>\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 ACS NSQIP<\/strong> \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0648<strong>\u0645\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 (RCRI)<\/strong> \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644-\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629-\u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631-\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 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\u0625\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u062c\u0631\u064a)<\/strong>: \u062a\u064f\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0645\u0648\u064a \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0643\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632\u064d \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0648\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 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(\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629). \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a. \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0627\u0645\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/strong>: \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0648\u064a (<a href=\"\/ar\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6\/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%B1\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B9\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 RSI<\/a>)\u060c <a href=\"\/ar\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6\/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%B1\/%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%89-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D8%B9%D8%A8\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"2-\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631\">2. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0646 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\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0638 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0625\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628. <strong>\u0648\u064a\u064f\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629\u061b<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u0629\u061b<\/li>\n<li>\u0625\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645. <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649\u061b \u0641\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629. <\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\/TIVA)\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u062f\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0643\u0646\u0627\u062a (\u0623\u0641\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0641\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a. <\/p>\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629\u061b<\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0633\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645 (\u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633) \u0648\u0625\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a (\u0625\u064a\u0632\u0648\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646). \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064e\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u062a\u064f\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 MAC\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u062e\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 50\u066a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 1 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u062c\u0648\u064a (1 atm).<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629\u061b<\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/strong> (\u0633\u064a\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0625\u064a\u0632\u0648\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0646): \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u061b<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633<\/strong>: \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0642\u064a:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 (\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0631) \u0648\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649.<\/li>\n<li>\u0625\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0642\u064a:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u0637 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u062b\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u064a\u062b.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n<p>\u0647\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062c\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a (\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u00ab\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\u00bb). \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0635\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a (TIVA). <\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u062c\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 (BMI)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629. \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u064a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0622\u0632\u0631\u064a (\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644).<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0645<\/strong>: \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0644\u061b<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645<\/strong>: \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0631\u0645\u064a\u0641\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0648\u0641\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646\u061b<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629<\/strong>: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0643\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0643\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0632\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a (\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0631\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0632\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0645)\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 2 (\u062f\u064a\u0643\u0633\u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 (\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0643\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646)\u060c \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a (TIVA) \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0630\u0631\u0647 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644).<\/li>\n<li>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u064a\u062b.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"\/ar\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6\/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AE%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%B1\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%AB%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A1-%D8%A8%D8%B9%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%A9\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u062b\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629<\/a> (PONV).<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 (\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0642\u064a).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a (TIVA):<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0638 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0625\u064a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0621\u061b \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a (EEG).<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u0637 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a <\/h4>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0644\u064a (NMBA) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0626\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644:<\/p>\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628<\/strong> (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646).<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a<strong>\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628<\/strong>: \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0637\u0623 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644. \u062a\u064f\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628\u060c <strong>\u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631<\/strong>\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0644 (\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0644 (\u0641\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0631\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0623\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0645)\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0644 (\u0645\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0645).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u0644\u0648\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0628\u062f\u064a \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0644\u064a (NMBA):<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 (\u0625\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u062e \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0646).<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0644\u064a (NMBA):<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631\u061b \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 TOF.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0642 (\u0625\u0630 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0642 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629).<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u062e \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u064a\u062b.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"3-\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0629\">3. \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/h3>\n<p>\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0638\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641\/\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0641.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062e\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0646\u0632\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0644\u064a (\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0633\u0648\u063a\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0643\u0633).<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u062b\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 (PONV) \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0645\u0627.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0641\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 (\u062a\u0634\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062a)\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f.<\/li>\n<li>\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629-\u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631-\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/articles\/en\/anesthesiology\/general-anesthesia\/monitor.webp\" alt=\"\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0628.<\/li>\n<li>\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u064a (NIBP).<\/li>\n<li>\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0631 (ETCO2).<\/li>\n<li>\u0625\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/h3>\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u064a<\/strong> (\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a): \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/strong> (<strong>TOF\/TOFR<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0644\u064a): \u064a\u064f\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0644\u064a (NMBA) \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0646\u0632\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0647\u0648 <strong>TOF \u2265 0,9<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631<\/strong> \u0628\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c (<strong>BIS<\/strong>): \u062a\u064f\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a (TIVA).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a (CVP):<\/strong> \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0628\/\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 (\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0621\u060c \u0642\u0633\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0648\u064a \u2013 \u0642\u0633\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0646-\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0632 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627):<\/strong> \u062a\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/strong>: \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0648\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div class=\"social-banner-block\">\n<div class=\"social-banner-content\">\n<p class=\"h5-title text-black\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"social-banner-text text-grey\">\u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"social-links-wrapper\"><a class=\"social-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/VOKA3DAnatomyAndPathology\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/common\/Social%20Icons\/facebook.svg\" alt=\"social link\"><\/a><a class=\"social-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/voka.io\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/common\/Social%20Icons\/insta.svg\" alt=\"social link\"><\/a><a class=\"social-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/voka-io\/posts\/?feedView=all\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/common\/Social%20Icons\/linkedin.svg\" alt=\"social link\"><\/a><a class=\"social-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@vokaio\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/common\/Social%20Icons\/youtube.svg\" alt=\"social link\"><\/a><a class=\"social-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/voka3danatomyandpathology\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/common\/Social%20Icons\/pinterest.svg\" alt=\"social link\"><\/a><a class=\"social-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tiktok.com\/@voka.io\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/common\/Social%20Icons\/tiktok.svg\" alt=\"social link\"><\/a><a class=\"social-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/discord.gg\/7ejUpq8DRR\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/common\/Social%20Icons\/discord.svg\" alt=\"social link\"><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"social-banner-image\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/common\/social-media-banner-mobile-image.webp\" alt=\"Banner background\"><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629-\u0628\u0639\u062f-\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u064f\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629. \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0630\u0648\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0650\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0628\u0628\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c.<\/p>\n<div>\n<h2 class=\"faq-title h2-article\" id=\"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/h2>\n<div class=\"faq-section\">\n<div class=\"faq-item faq-answer-hidden\">\n<div class=\"question-block\">\n<div class=\"faq-question\">\n<p class=\" text-black h5-title\">1. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645\u061f <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-answer text-main-text-color main-text-medium\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0628\u0634\u064a\u0621\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"expand-button-wrapper\"><button class=\"text-accent expand-button\">+<\/button><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-item faq-answer-hidden\">\n<div class=\"question-block\">\n<div class=\"faq-question\">\n<p class=\" text-black h5-title\">2. \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u061f <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-answer text-main-text-color main-text-medium\">\u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a \u062a\u064f\u062b\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0628\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646)\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u062f\u062a\u0647.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"expand-button-wrapper\"><button class=\"text-accent expand-button\">+<\/button><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-item faq-answer-hidden\">\n<div class=\"question-block\">\n<div class=\"faq-question\">\n<p class=\" text-black h5-title\">3. \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u061f <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-answer text-main-text-color main-text-medium\">\u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0622\u0645\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"expand-button-wrapper\"><button class=\"text-accent expand-button\">+<\/button><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-item faq-answer-hidden\">\n<div class=\"question-block\">\n<div class=\"faq-question\">\n<p class=\" text-black h5-title\">4. \u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u061f <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-answer text-main-text-color main-text-medium\">\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u00ab\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u00bb \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u00bb \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0642 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a).<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"expand-button-wrapper\"><button class=\"text-accent expand-button\">+<\/button><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-item faq-answer-hidden\">\n<div class=\"question-block\">\n<div class=\"faq-question\">\n<p class=\" text-black h5-title\">5. \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u061f<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-answer text-main-text-color main-text-medium\">\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0645 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0644)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0643\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0644)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0625\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0644\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b (TIVA) \u0623\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"expand-button-wrapper\"><button class=\"text-accent expand-button\">+<\/button><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-item faq-answer-hidden\">\n<div class=\"question-block\">\n<div class=\"faq-question\">\n<p class=\" text-black h5-title\">6. \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631\u061f <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-answer text-main-text-color main-text-medium\">\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0648\u0639\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642 (\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u064f\u0636\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0631\u063a\u0627\u0645\u064a). \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a (TIVA)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u062b\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"expand-button-wrapper\"><button class=\"text-accent expand-button\">+<\/button><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"sources-list-block sources-list-hidden\" id=\"\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\">\n<div class=\"sources-list-content\">\n<div class=\"sources-list-title\">\n<p class=\"small-text-bold text-black sources-list-title-text\">\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/p>\n<div class=\"sources-expand-button-wrapper-mobile\">\n<div class=\"sources-expand-button\"><svg width=\"32\" height=\"32\" viewbox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M8 12L16 20L24 12\" stroke=\"#8C9AAB\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"sources-list-items\">\n<div class=\"source-item\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\">1.<\/p>\n<div class=\"source-item-content\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\"><cite>VOKA 3D Anatomy & Pathology \u2013 Complete Anatomy and Pathology 3D Atlas [VOKA \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u2013 \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0633 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f] [Internet]. VOKA 3D Anatomy & Pathology [VOKA \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f]. <\/cite><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"small-text-medium text-grey\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0646: https:\/\/catalog.voka.io\/<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"source-item\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\">2.<\/p>\n<div class=\"source-item-content\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\"><cite>Nimmo, A.F., Absalom, A.R., Bagshaw, O. (2019). Guidelines for the safe practice of total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) [\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a (TIVA)]: Joint Guidelines from the Association of Anaesthetists and the Society for Intravenous Anaesthesia. 74(2):211-224. doi: 10.1111\/anae.14428.<\/cite><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"source-item\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\">3.<\/p>\n<div class=\"source-item-content\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\"><cite>Khorsand SM Maintenance of general anesthesia In: Post TW, ed. UpToDate [\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a]. Waltham (MA): UpToDate; 2025 [updated 2025 Mar 5; cited 2025 Dec].<\/cite><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"small-text-medium text-grey\">\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0646: https:\/\/www.uptodate.com\/<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"source-item\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\">4.<\/p>\n<div class=\"source-item-content\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\"><cite>Saugel, B., Buhre, W., Chew, M.S. (2025). Intra-operative haemodynamic monitoring and management of adults having noncardiac surgery [\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0648\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629]. European Journal of Anaesthesiology 42(6):p 543-556, DOI: 10.1097\/EJA.0000000000002174.<\/cite><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"source-item\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\">5.<\/p>\n<div class=\"source-item-content\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\"><cite>Ludovico, F., Pietro, Di F., Patrick, Del M. (2024). Anesthetic gases environmental impact, anesthesiologists\u2019 awareness, and improvement opportunities: a monocentric observational study [\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0631\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632]. Journal of Anesthesia, Analgesia and Critical Care 4:47. doi: 10.1186\/s44158-024-00183-1.<\/cite><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"sources-expand-button-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"sources-expand-button\"><svg width=\"32\" height=\"32\" viewbox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M8 12L16 20L24 12\" stroke=\"#8C9AAB\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627: \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629\u060c 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\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u064f\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":0,"template":"","diseases_category":[407],"class_list":["post-2961","diseases_post","type-diseases_post","status-publish","hentry","diseases_category-407"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.0 (Yoast SEO v26.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 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