{"id":2295,"date":"2025-12-23T16:02:59","date_gmt":"2025-12-23T13:02:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/diseases\/uncategorized\/%d8%a7%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ae-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ba\/"},"modified":"2026-05-13T13:26:57","modified_gmt":"2026-05-13T10:26:57","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ae-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ba","status":"publish","type":"diseases_post","link":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ar\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6\/%D8%B7%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85\/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AE-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%BA\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><?xml encoding=\"UTF-8\" ?><\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a) \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u062b\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 (\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649 \u060c \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u062f). \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627 \u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0624\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0629 (\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629). <\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/articles\/en\/oncology\/brain-tumors\/cerebral-metastasis.webp\" alt=\"\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u062e\u0628\u064a\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u062e\u0628\u064a\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/catalog.voka.io\/en\/models\/cec5f80b-babf-4f02-ab97-355cf37c21ad\/4a703e9e-fb88-4ddf-8c9c-e3dd3c0436fe\/262977f4-5378-4014-8798-0214fa796ae2\/fb439fef-f96f-4ed6-961c-a41b597d4e29\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">3D-\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a <\/h2>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0639 (\u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a).<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627 \u2013 \u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 (\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629) (\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a \u060c \u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a \u060c \u0625\u0644\u062e.).<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u064a\u0646 (\u062c\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639). <\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u0639\u0644\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0628\u0626\u0629\">\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0628\u0626\u0629<\/h2>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 25 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 100000 \u0646\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0627. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u062e\u0630\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629) \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 (\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0627) \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 45 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 100000 \u0646\u0633\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 30 \u066a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0623\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0644\u064a) \u062e\u0628\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u060c \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0646 40 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 90 \u066a \u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0629) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 (\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 80 \u066a \u062e\u0628\u064a\u062b\u0629).<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0633\u0646 40 \u060c \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 50\u066a) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0642\u064a (\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a 50 \u066a \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/articles\/en\/oncology\/brain-tumors\/renal-cancer-metastasis-left-cerebral-hemisphere.webp\" alt=\"\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u062e\u0628\u064a\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0633\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u062e\u0628\u064a\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0633\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a<a href=\"https:\/\/catalog.voka.io\/en\/models\/cec5f80b-babf-4f02-ab97-355cf37c21ad\/4a703e9e-fb88-4ddf-8c9c-e3dd3c0436fe\/262977f4-5378-4014-8798-0214fa796ae2\/fb439fef-f96f-4ed6-961c-a41b597d4e29\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">3D-\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0423 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0439\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0445\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u0426\u041d\u0421 \u2013 \u0432\u0435\u0434\u0443\u0449\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u043d\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0413\u043b\u0438\u043e\u043c\u044b (\u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0430 \u0441 5-\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e >90%) \u2014 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u044f \u0433\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0430 \u0443 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0439, \u0437\u0430 \u043d\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0443\u043b\u043b\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043c\u044b (\u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u044f \u0437\u043b\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u044d\u043c\u0431\u0440\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0445\u043e\u043b\u044c \u0426\u041d\u0421 \u0443 \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0441 5-\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e 60\u201380% \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0440\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0435), \u044d\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043c\u044b, \u0433\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043c\u044b, \u043a\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u043e\u0444\u0430\u0440\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0438\u043e\u043c\u044b, \u0433\u0435\u0440\u043c\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0445\u043e\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u0434\u0440.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d<\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627-\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642-\u0628\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u062e\">\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u062e<\/h3>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u062e (\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a tentorium cerebelli)\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062a \u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<strong><\/strong>(\u201c\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u201d) \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u062e \u2014 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b. \u0647\u0645 ~70-80\u202f%<strong><\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629: <\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0623\u0631\u0648\u0645\u064a \u062f\u0628\u0642\u064a;<\/li>\n<li>\u0646\u062c\u0645\u064a;<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0635\u0646;<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u063a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629;<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u060c \u0625\u0644\u062e.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u062f<\/h4>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u062f (\u201c\u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0641\u201d) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u062e \u060c \u062c\u0630\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639. \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 (\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 60-70 \u066a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644). <\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629: <\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0646\u062c\u0645\u064a \u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u062e;<\/li>\n<li>\u0646\u062e\u0627\u0639\u064a;<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639;<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0639\u064a;<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0633\u062d\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u062e;<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0623\u0631\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0626\u064a \u060c \u0625\u0644\u062e.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/articles\/en\/oncology\/brain-tumors\/infratentorial-ependymoma.webp\" alt=\"\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\"><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/catalog.voka.io\/en\/models\/cec5f80b-babf-4f02-ab97-355cf37c21ad\/95bcd6fa-2d66-476f-88bf-66e25519f4c9\/6548de9a-080d-4358-aa18-768397b4caf0\/ce9ce17d-c011-41a8-87e5-70b011a04e7e\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">3D-\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-video\" id=\"3d-\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\"><video controls><source data-src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/articles\/en\/oncology\/brain-tumors\/infratentorial-ependymoma.webm\" type=\"video\/webm\"><\/source><\/video><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">3D \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627-\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642-\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\u064a\u0629\">\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u201d\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a) \u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 (\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629. axis \u2014 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u201d). <\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645. \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u2014 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u060c \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u2014 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0634\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u064a\u062b\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631<\/h4>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0629. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u063a\u0637\u0648\u0646 \u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a. <\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0626\u064a);<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0629 (\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0646\u064a);<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0629 (\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u062d\u0628\u0644\u064a) \u060c \u0625\u0644\u062e.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631<\/h4>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e \u060c \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0635\u0646 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629). \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0623\u0631\u0648\u0645\u064a \u062f\u0628\u0642\u064a;<\/li>\n<li>\u0646\u062c\u0645\u064a;<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u060c \u0625\u0644\u062e.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641-\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\">\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e<\/h2>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2021 (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 2021) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0629.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/p>\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0629:<\/strong>\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629: <\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 (GFAP, p53, ATRX, Ki-67 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e.).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629: IDH1\/2, 1p\/19q, TP53, ATRX, H3,<\/strong> BRAF, CDKN2A\/B, EGFR, TERT \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c: <\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0637\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062c\u064a\u0646IDH1\/2 <\/strong> (\u0637\u0641\u0631\u0629IDH = \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629); <\/li>\n<li><strong>1p\/19q \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0630\u0641 <\/strong> (\u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f = \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0641\u0636\u0644);<\/li>\n<li><strong>ATRX<\/strong> (\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0630\u064a\u0631);<\/li>\n<li><strong>TP53<\/strong> (\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0631 = \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a);<\/li>\n<li><strong>MGMT<\/strong> (\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u064a\u062b\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647 = \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0645\u064a\u062f); <\/li>\n<li><strong>VEGF\u2011\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631<\/strong> (\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 = \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0632\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0628) \u0648 \u0625\u0644\u062e.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636 \u060c \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c (\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629).<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631-\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629-\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a<\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636-\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629:<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0639<\/strong> \u0641\u064a 50-70 \u066a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649. \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u062d\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u060c \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0623 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0644 \/ \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/strong>\u2014 50-80 \u066a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0621 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u062b\u0627\u062b. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629-<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u062c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a <\/strong>\u0647\u0648 \u062b\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b: \u0635\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u060c \u063a\u062b\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0648\u0630\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a (\u0648\u0630\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636-\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0624\u0631\u064a\u0629\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0624\u0631\u064a\u0629:<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641<\/strong>-\u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/strong>-\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 <\/strong>(\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647) \u2014 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f \u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0643.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629-<\/strong>\u0639\u0645\u0649 \u0646\u0635\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u060c \u0634\u0641\u0639 \u060c \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0647\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644<\/em>\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u062a\u0647. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0635\u0639\u0628\u0627.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a \/ \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628) \u0641\u064a<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 >4 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0639, \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u060c \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 < 4 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a;<\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0629 (\u0646\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u060c \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u060c \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629);<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u060c \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631 \u060c \u0648\u0630\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629;<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u064a;<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0636\u062e\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633 (\u062a\u0636\u062e\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633) \u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-video\" id=\"3d-\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a-\u0645\u0646-\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\"><video controls><source data-src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/articles\/en\/oncology\/brain-tumors\/choroid-plexus-papilloma.webm\" type=\"video\/webm\"><\/source><\/video><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">3D \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635-\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\">\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e<\/h2>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a \u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0647.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631-\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\">\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646<\/strong> \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u061b \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0644.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 <\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633-\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0627\u0631\u0626\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0648\u0645\u064a <\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0642\u064a: \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0646\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0630\u0645\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 <\/strong>\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 T2\/FLAIR\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0634\u0627\u062d\u064a.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645<\/strong>: \u0645\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0630\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0624\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/strong>: \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a (\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0629\/\u0642\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0629\/\u0645\u0646\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\/\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u062e) \u060c \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0633\u0631\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f (DWI) \u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u062e\u0632\u0639\u0629\">\u062e\u0632\u0639\u0629<\/h3>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646<br \/>\n\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a (IDH, 1p\/19q, MGMT, TP53, BRAF, H3K27 \u0627\u0644\u062e.).<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0631\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062f (\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627) \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631) \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u0637\u0631\u0642-\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635-\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\">\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0632\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628 <\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a \u060c \u0646\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a \u2014 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u060c \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0625\u0644\u062e.).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0646\u064a<\/strong>-\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0624\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a<\/h3>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0649 \u060c \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0629).<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645.<\/li>\n<li>\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626 \u060c \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0633\u0628 \/ \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0646\u0632\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0643\u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0624\u0631\u064a \u060c \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 DWI\/ADC \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631) \u060c \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a<\/h4>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f \u060c \u062d\u0645\u0649 \u060c \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0643 \u060c \u0646\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u2014 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0624\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a \u060c \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u063a\u064a (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0633\u064a) \u060c \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a.<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/h4>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0624\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0646\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0635\u062f\u0627\u0639. \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0634\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u0630\u0645\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u062e\u0628\u064a\u062b<\/h4>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 (\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621) \u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0630\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0637\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0633\u0631\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a<\/h4>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629. \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (DWI+) \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u062a-\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a<\/h4>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0649 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0630\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0631\u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645) \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629. \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 (DWI+). \u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0636 \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\/\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0646\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639<\/h4>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a \u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0643\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645. \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0632\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a (\u0646\u062e\u0631 \u2013 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a)\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f<\/h4>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u060c \u0622\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0624\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u062a\u0644\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a \u2014 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628.<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u062e\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0635\u062f\u0627\u0639 (\u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f) \u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u060c \u0634\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u062f\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f\u064a<\/h4>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0639 \u060c \u0633\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0641 \u060c \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u060c \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u062c\u0632 \u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a. <\/p>\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628<\/h4>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062b\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 (\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0641 \u060c \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644) \u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0635\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u063a\u062b\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0648\u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0628\u0624\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0636\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0628\u0624\u0631\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0643 \u060c \u0646\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0631\u0639\u0627\u0634) \u060c \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0624\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0632 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u060c \u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u062f \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u060c \u0625\u0644\u062e.) \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628.<\/p>\n<div class=\"social-banner-block\">\n<div class=\"social-banner-content\">\n<p class=\"h5-title text-black\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"social-banner-text text-grey\">\u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"social-links-wrapper\"><a class=\"social-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/VOKA3DAnatomyAndPathology\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/common\/Social%20Icons\/facebook.svg\" alt=\"social link\"><\/a><a class=\"social-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/voka.io\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/common\/Social%20Icons\/insta.svg\" alt=\"social link\"><\/a><a class=\"social-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/voka-io\/posts\/?feedView=all\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/common\/Social%20Icons\/linkedin.svg\" alt=\"social link\"><\/a><a class=\"social-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@vokaio\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/common\/Social%20Icons\/youtube.svg\" alt=\"social link\"><\/a><a class=\"social-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/voka3danatomyandpathology\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/common\/Social%20Icons\/pinterest.svg\" alt=\"social link\"><\/a><a class=\"social-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tiktok.com\/@voka.io\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/common\/Social%20Icons\/tiktok.svg\" alt=\"social link\"><\/a><a class=\"social-icon-link\" href=\"https:\/\/discord.gg\/7ejUpq8DRR\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/common\/Social%20Icons\/discord.svg\" alt=\"social link\"><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"social-banner-image\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/common\/social-media-banner-mobile-image.webp\" alt=\"Banner background\"><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c-\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\">\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e<\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u062c\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0648\u062f\">\u062c\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0648\u062f<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0630\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0629 (\u062f\u064a\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0632\u0648\u0646 8-16 \u0645\u062c\u0645 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627-4 \u0645\u062c\u0645 \u0643\u0644 6 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a).<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0627\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u060c \u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u060c \u0647\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0627\u0645) \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0642\u064a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0647\u064a \u0628\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062e\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0631\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 (\u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u064a\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0632\u0648\u0646).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629-\u0644\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0639\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0639<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c-\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0626\u0635\u0627\u0644 (\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u0629) \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c<\/strong> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c-\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a-\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c-\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0631-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629-\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a)<\/strong>\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u064a\u062b\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u064a \/ \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 (SRS)<\/strong>\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u060c \u064a\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\/\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 (\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0631 <\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0648\u0645\u064a<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0642\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 + \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a + \u062a\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0645\u064a\u062f. \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0647\u0648 12-18 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u0627.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632<\/strong><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a<\/strong> \u2014 \u062e\u0632\u0639\u0629 + \u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0648\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0633\u0627\u062a-\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u064a\u062b-<\/strong>SRS \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 (\u062d\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062d\u0641) \u0644\u0628\u0624\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 (\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0633\u0631\u0633 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u062f\u062c\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0646\u062a) + \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a. \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0631\u0645 \u062e\u0628\u064a\u062b \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629SRS \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 <\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 (\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629) \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \/ \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a (SRS).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0648 SRS. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 (\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0628\u064a\u062b\u0629) \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0626\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d-\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c-\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632-\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a-\u0639\u0646\u062f-\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\">\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644<\/h3>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0626\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a<\/strong> \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c (\u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a). \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0629 (\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/strong> \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 (\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0646 3 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/strong> \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a \u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0646 3 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0627\u0639\u064a) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u0627\u0631 \u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0625\u0636\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c. <\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0631 (\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629) \u0628\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644.<\/p>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<div>\n<h2 class=\"faq-title h2-article\" id=\"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/h2>\n<div class=\"faq-section\">\n<div class=\"faq-item faq-answer-hidden\">\n<div class=\"question-block\">\n<div class=\"faq-question\">\n<p class=\" text-black h5-title\">1. \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e \u0648\u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u061f<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-answer text-main-text-color main-text-medium\">\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u060c \u0623\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a. \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u064a\u0646.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"expand-button-wrapper\"><button class=\"text-accent expand-button\">+<\/button><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-item faq-answer-hidden\">\n<div class=\"question-block\">\n<div class=\"faq-question\">\n<p class=\" text-black h5-title\">2. \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621\u061f<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-answer text-main-text-color main-text-medium\">\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a. \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0624\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"expand-button-wrapper\"><button class=\"text-accent expand-button\">+<\/button><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-item faq-answer-hidden\">\n<div class=\"question-block\">\n<div class=\"faq-question\">\n<p class=\" text-black h5-title\">3. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\u061f<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-answer text-main-text-color main-text-medium\">\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0635\u0639\u0628\u0627. \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0630\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d\u064a \u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u060c \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633 (\u062a\u0636\u062e\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633) \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u0627\u0631.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"expand-button-wrapper\"><button class=\"text-accent expand-button\">+<\/button><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-item faq-answer-hidden\">\n<div class=\"question-block\">\n<div class=\"faq-question\">\n<p class=\" text-black h5-title\">4. \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u061f<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-answer text-main-text-color main-text-medium\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u0624\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0630\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"expand-button-wrapper\"><button class=\"text-accent expand-button\">+<\/button><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-item faq-answer-hidden\">\n<div class=\"question-block\">\n<div class=\"faq-question\">\n<p class=\" text-black h5-title\">5. \u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u061f<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-answer text-main-text-color main-text-medium\">\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0626\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"expand-button-wrapper\"><button class=\"text-accent expand-button\">+<\/button><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-item faq-answer-hidden\">\n<div class=\"question-block\">\n<div class=\"faq-question\">\n<p class=\" text-black h5-title\">6. \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u061f<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-answer text-main-text-color main-text-medium\">\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u060c \u0628\u0628\u0637\u0621 \u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0642\u064a \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629. \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0631 \u060c \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"expand-button-wrapper\"><button class=\"text-accent expand-button\">+<\/button><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-item faq-answer-hidden\">\n<div class=\"question-block\">\n<div class=\"faq-question\">\n<p class=\" text-black h5-title\">7. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e \u062a\u0632\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631\u061f<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"faq-answer text-main-text-color main-text-medium\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627. \u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0624\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0642\u0627\u062a\u0644\u0629.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"expand-button-wrapper\"><button class=\"text-accent expand-button\">+<\/button><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"sources-list-block sources-list-hidden\" id=\"\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\">\n<div class=\"sources-list-content\">\n<div class=\"sources-list-title\">\n<p class=\"small-text-bold text-black sources-list-title-text\">\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631<\/p>\n<div class=\"sources-expand-button-wrapper-mobile\">\n<div class=\"sources-expand-button\"><svg width=\"32\" height=\"32\" viewbox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M8 12L16 20L24 12\" stroke=\"#8C9AAB\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"sources-list-items\">\n<div class=\"source-item\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\">1.<\/p>\n<div class=\"source-item-content\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\"><cite>\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c VOKA. \u0650[\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a].<\/cite><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"small-text-medium text-grey\">https:\/\/catalog.voka.io\/<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"source-item\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\">2.<\/p>\n<div class=\"source-item-content\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\"><cite>Louis DN, Perry A, Wesseling P, Brat DJ, Cree IA, Figarella-Branger D, Hawkins C, Ng HK, Pfister SM, Reifenberger G, Soffietti R, von Deimling A, Ellison DW. The 2021 WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System: a summary. Neuro Oncol. 2021 Aug 2;23(8):1231-1251. doi: 10.1093\/neuonc\/noab106. PMID: 34185076; PMCID: PMC8328013.<\/cite><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"source-item\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\">3.<\/p>\n<div class=\"source-item-content\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\"><cite>Ostrom QT, Price M, Neff C, Cioffi G, Waite KA, Kruchko C, Barnholtz-Sloan JS. CBTRUS Statistical Report: Primary Brain and Other Central Nervous System Tumors Diagnosed in the United States in 2016-2020. Neuro Oncol. 2023 Oct 4;25(12 Suppl 2):iv1-iv99. doi: 10.1093\/neuonc\/noad149. PMID: 37793125; PMCID: PMC10550277.<\/cite><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"source-item\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\">4.<\/p>\n<div class=\"source-item-content\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\"><cite>Price M, Ballard C, Benedetti J, Kruchko C, Barnholtz-Sloan JS, Ostrom QT. \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0643\u0628\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0633: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a 2018-2022. Neuro Oncol. 2025. doi: 10.1093\/neuonc\/noaf194.<\/cite><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"source-item\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\">5.<\/p>\n<div class=\"source-item-content\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\"><cite>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2021. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a. 2022 Oct;19(6):1691-1704. doi: 10.1007\/s13311-022-01249-0. Epub 2022 May 16. PMID: 35578106; PMCID: PMC9723092.<\/cite><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"source-item\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\">6.<\/p>\n<div class=\"source-item-content\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\"><cite>Bonneville F, J\u00e4ger HR, Smirniotopoulos JG. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0629. 2024 Feb 11. In: Hodler J, Kubik-Huch RA, Roos JE, editors. Diseases of the Brain, Head and Neck, Spine 2024-2027: Diagnostic Imaging [Internet]. Cham (CH): Springer; 2024. Chapter 8. Available from: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK608601\/doi: 10.1007\/978-3-031-50675-8_8.<\/cite><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"source-item\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\">7.<\/p>\n<div class=\"source-item-content\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\"><cite>Grand S, Nedunchelian M, Charara S, Demaison R, Jean C, Galloux A, Kastler A, Attye A, Berthet C, Krainik A. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a. Rev Neurol (Paris). 2023 Jun;179(5):378-393. doi: 10.1016\/j.neurol.2023.03.011. Epub 2023 Apr 6. PMID: 37030987.<\/cite><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"source-item\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\">8.<\/p>\n<div class=\"source-item-content\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\"><cite>Chinthala AS, Obeng-Gyasi B, Virgin KL, Deckert M, Mao G. Brain metastasis mimicking brain abscess: illustrative case and systematic review. J Neurosurg Case Lessons. 2025 Oct 20;10(16):CASE25528. doi: 10.3171\/CASE25528. PMID: 41115317; PMCID: PMC12548541.<\/cite><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"source-item\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\">9.<\/p>\n<div class=\"source-item-content\">\n<p class=\"main-text-semibold text-black\"><cite>Englot DJ, Chang EF, Vecht CJ. Epilepsy and brain tumors. Handb Clin Neurol. 2016;134:267-85. doi: 10.1016\/B978-0-12-802997-8.00016-5. PMID: 26948360; PMCID: PMC4803433.<\/cite><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"sources-expand-button-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"sources-expand-button\"><svg width=\"32\" height=\"32\" viewbox=\"0 0 32 32\" fill=\"none\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M8 12L16 20L24 12\" stroke=\"#8C9AAB\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a) \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u062b\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 (\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649 \u060c \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u062f). \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627 \u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0624\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":0,"template":"","diseases_category":[394],"class_list":["post-2295","diseases_post","type-diseases_post","status-publish","hentry","diseases_category-394"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.0 (Yoast SEO v27.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u060c \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f \u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ar\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6\/%D8%B7%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85\/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AE-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%BA\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ar_AR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u060c \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f \u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ar\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6\/%D8%B7%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85\/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AE-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%BA\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Voka Wiki\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/VOKA3DAnatomyAndPathology\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-05-13T10:26:57+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/articles\/en\/oncology\/brain-tumors\/cerebral-metastasis.webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/ar\\\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6\\\/%D8%B7%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85\\\/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AE-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%BA\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/ar\\\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6\\\/%D8%B7%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85\\\/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AE-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%BA\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Artemiy G.\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/ar\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/9e52747b917d9d9b156995adc83c55db\"},\"headline\":\"\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-12-23T13:02:59+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-05-13T10:26:57+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/ar\\\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6\\\/%D8%B7%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85\\\/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AE-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%BA\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":10769,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/ar\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/ar\\\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6\\\/%D8%B7%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85\\\/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AE-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%BA\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/storage.googleapis.com\\\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\\\/articles\\\/en\\\/oncology\\\/brain-tumors\\\/cerebral-metastasis.webp\",\"inLanguage\":\"ar\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/ar\\\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6\\\/%D8%B7%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85\\\/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AE-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%BA\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/ar\\\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6\\\/%D8%B7%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85\\\/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AE-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%BA\\\/\",\"name\":\"\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/ar\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/ar\\\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6\\\/%D8%B7%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85\\\/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AE-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%BA\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/ar\\\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6\\\/%D8%B7%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85\\\/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AE-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%BA\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/storage.googleapis.com\\\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\\\/articles\\\/en\\\/oncology\\\/brain-tumors\\\/cerebral-metastasis.webp\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-12-23T13:02:59+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-05-13T10:26:57+00:00\",\"description\":\"\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u060c \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f \u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/ar\\\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6\\\/%D8%B7%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85\\\/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AE-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%BA\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"ar\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/ar\\\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6\\\/%D8%B7%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85\\\/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AE-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%BA\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ar\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/ar\\\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6\\\/%D8%B7%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85\\\/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AE-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%BA\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/storage.googleapis.com\\\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\\\/articles\\\/en\\\/oncology\\\/brain-tumors\\\/cerebral-metastasis.webp\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/storage.googleapis.com\\\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\\\/articles\\\/en\\\/oncology\\\/brain-tumors\\\/cerebral-metastasis.webp\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/ar\\\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6\\\/%D8%B7%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85\\\/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AE-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%BA\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/ar\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/ar\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/ar\\\/\",\"name\":\"Voka Wiki\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/ar\\\/#organization\"},\"alternateName\":\"Anatomy & Pathology Wiki by VOKA\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/ar\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"ar\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/ar\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Voka 3D Anatomy & Pathology\",\"alternateName\":\"VOKA\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/ar\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ar\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/ar\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/02\\\/cropped-voka-logo-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/02\\\/cropped-voka-logo-1.png\",\"width\":70,\"height\":16,\"caption\":\"Voka 3D Anatomy & Pathology\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/ar\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/VOKA3DAnatomyAndPathology\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instagram.com\\\/voka.io\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.linkedin.com\\\/company\\\/voka-io\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/channel\\\/UCqGGuOEpr62ScH8Pjk2q5zw\\\/videos\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.pinterest.com\\\/VokaAnatomyPro\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.threads.com\\\/@voka.io\"],\"description\":\"VOKA.io offers 3D medical animations and custom 3D modeling services. Our product, VOKA 3D Anatomy & Pathology, is a digital atlas with over 1,000 detailed 3D models of human anatomy and pathology, designed for medical education, training, and patient communication.\",\"email\":\"info@voka.io\",\"telephone\":\"+1 814 351 4442\",\"legalName\":\"Voka 3D Anatomy & Pathology\",\"foundingDate\":\"2017-02-12\",\"naics\":\"541512\",\"numberOfEmployees\":{\"@type\":\"QuantitativeValue\",\"minValue\":\"51\",\"maxValue\":\"200\"},\"publishingPrinciples\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/publishing-principles\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/wiki.voka.io\\\/ar\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/9e52747b917d9d9b156995adc83c55db\",\"name\":\"Artemiy G.\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ar\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/41c2ff0508515a8e31a999a47b4643f8332f73d15d3a8e06b016e20b8327c52d?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/41c2ff0508515a8e31a999a47b4643f8332f73d15d3a8e06b016e20b8327c52d?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/41c2ff0508515a8e31a999a47b4643f8332f73d15d3a8e06b016e20b8327c52d?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Artemiy G.\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c","description":"\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u060c \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f \u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ar\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6\/%D8%B7%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85\/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AE-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%BA\/","og_locale":"ar_AR","og_type":"article","og_title":"\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c","og_description":"\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u060c \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f \u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a.","og_url":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ar\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6\/%D8%B7%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85\/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AE-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%BA\/","og_site_name":"Voka Wiki","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/VOKA3DAnatomyAndPathology\/","article_modified_time":"2026-05-13T10:26:57+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/articles\/en\/oncology\/brain-tumors\/cerebral-metastasis.webp","type":"","width":"","height":""}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ar\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6\/%D8%B7%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85\/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AE-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%BA\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ar\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6\/%D8%B7%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85\/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AE-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%BA\/"},"author":{"name":"Artemiy G.","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ar\/#\/schema\/person\/9e52747b917d9d9b156995adc83c55db"},"headline":"\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c","datePublished":"2025-12-23T13:02:59+00:00","dateModified":"2026-05-13T10:26:57+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ar\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6\/%D8%B7%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85\/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AE-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%BA\/"},"wordCount":10769,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ar\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ar\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6\/%D8%B7%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85\/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AE-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%BA\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/articles\/en\/oncology\/brain-tumors\/cerebral-metastasis.webp","inLanguage":"ar"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ar\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6\/%D8%B7%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85\/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AE-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%BA\/","url":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ar\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6\/%D8%B7%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85\/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AE-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%BA\/","name":"\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ar\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ar\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6\/%D8%B7%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85\/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AE-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%BA\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ar\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6\/%D8%B7%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85\/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AE-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%BA\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/articles\/en\/oncology\/brain-tumors\/cerebral-metastasis.webp","datePublished":"2025-12-23T13:02:59+00:00","dateModified":"2026-05-13T10:26:57+00:00","description":"\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u060c \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f \u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ar\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6\/%D8%B7%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85\/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AE-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%BA\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"ar","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ar\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6\/%D8%B7%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85\/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AE-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%BA\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ar","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ar\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6\/%D8%B7%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85\/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AE-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%BA\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/articles\/en\/oncology\/brain-tumors\/cerebral-metastasis.webp","contentUrl":"https:\/\/storage.googleapis.com\/dev_wiki_voka_io_303011\/articles\/en\/oncology\/brain-tumors\/cerebral-metastasis.webp"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ar\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6\/%D8%B7%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85\/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AE-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%BA\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ar\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ar\/#website","url":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ar\/","name":"Voka Wiki","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ar\/#organization"},"alternateName":"Anatomy & Pathology Wiki by VOKA","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ar\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"ar"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ar\/#organization","name":"Voka 3D Anatomy & Pathology","alternateName":"VOKA","url":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ar\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ar","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ar\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/cropped-voka-logo-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/cropped-voka-logo-1.png","width":70,"height":16,"caption":"Voka 3D Anatomy & Pathology"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ar\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/VOKA3DAnatomyAndPathology\/","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/voka.io\/","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/voka-io\/","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCqGGuOEpr62ScH8Pjk2q5zw\/videos","https:\/\/www.pinterest.com\/VokaAnatomyPro\/","https:\/\/www.threads.com\/@voka.io"],"description":"VOKA.io offers 3D medical animations and custom 3D modeling services. Our product, VOKA 3D Anatomy & Pathology, is a digital atlas with over 1,000 detailed 3D models of human anatomy and pathology, designed for medical education, training, and patient communication.","email":"info@voka.io","telephone":"+1 814 351 4442","legalName":"Voka 3D Anatomy & Pathology","foundingDate":"2017-02-12","naics":"541512","numberOfEmployees":{"@type":"QuantitativeValue","minValue":"51","maxValue":"200"},"publishingPrinciples":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/publishing-principles\/"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ar\/#\/schema\/person\/9e52747b917d9d9b156995adc83c55db","name":"Artemiy G.","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ar","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/41c2ff0508515a8e31a999a47b4643f8332f73d15d3a8e06b016e20b8327c52d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/41c2ff0508515a8e31a999a47b4643f8332f73d15d3a8e06b016e20b8327c52d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/41c2ff0508515a8e31a999a47b4643f8332f73d15d3a8e06b016e20b8327c52d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Artemiy G."}}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/diseases_post\/2295","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/diseases_post"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/diseases_post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2295"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"diseases_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/wiki.voka.io\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/diseases_category?post=2295"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}