Upper limb joints anatomy test

1. Which joint is saddle-shaped in terms of articular surfaces but functionally approaches a ball-and-socket joint?

• Acromioclavicular

  The sternoclavicular joint has saddle-shaped articular surfaces, but the presence of an articular disc permits movements around three axes.

• Sternoclavicular

  The sternoclavicular joint has saddle-shaped articular surfaces, but the presence of an articular disc permits movements around three axes.

• Shoulder

  The sternoclavicular joint has saddle-shaped articular surfaces, but the presence of an articular disc permits movements around three axes.

• Humeroulnar

  The sternoclavicular joint has saddle-shaped articular surfaces, but the presence of an articular disc permits movements around three axes.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The sternoclavicular joint has saddle-shaped articular surfaces, but the presence of an articular disc permits movements around three axes.

2. Which ligament is not associated with the sternoclavicular joint?

• Anterior sternoclavicular ligament

  The coracoclavicular ligament strengthens the acromioclavicular joint by connecting the coracoid process of the scapula to the clavicle.

• Interclavicular ligament

  The coracoclavicular ligament strengthens the acromioclavicular joint by connecting the coracoid process of the scapula to the clavicle.

• Costoclavicular ligament

  The coracoclavicular ligament strengthens the acromioclavicular joint by connecting the coracoid process of the scapula to the clavicle.

• Coracoclavicular ligament

  The coracoclavicular ligament strengthens the acromioclavicular joint by connecting the coracoid process of the scapula to the clavicle.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The coracoclavicular ligament strengthens the acromioclavicular joint by connecting the coracoid process of the scapula to the clavicle.

3. Which ligament belongs to the intrinsic ligaments of the scapula and forms the glenoid arch?

• Coracoacromial ligament

  The coracoacromial ligament is stretched between the coracoid process and the acromion, forming the glenoid arch.

• Acromioclavicular ligament

  The coracoacromial ligament is stretched between the coracoid process and the acromion, forming the glenoid arch.

• Superior transverse scapular ligament

  The coracoacromial ligament is stretched between the coracoid process and the acromion, forming the glenoid arch.

• Coracohumeral ligament

  The coracoacromial ligament is stretched between the coracoid process and the acromion, forming the glenoid arch.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The coracoacromial ligament is stretched between the coracoid process and the acromion, forming the glenoid arch.

4. What anatomical structure passes within the glenohumeral joint cavity?

• Tendon of the short head of biceps brachii muscle

  The tendon of the long head of the biceps brachii muscle originates from the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula and passes through the joint cavity.

• Tendon of the long head of biceps brachii muscle

  The tendon of the long head of the biceps brachii muscle originates from the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula and passes through the joint cavity.

• Tendon of the long head of triceps brachii muscle

  The tendon of the long head of the biceps brachii muscle originates from the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula and passes through the joint cavity.

• Coracohumeral ligament

  The tendon of the long head of the biceps brachii muscle originates from the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula and passes through the joint cavity.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The tendon of the long head of the biceps brachii muscle originates from the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula and passes through the joint cavity.

5. What type of joint in terms of shape does the glenohumeral joint belong to?

• Hinge

  The glenohumeral joint is formed by the head of the humerus and the glenoid cavity of the scapula, being a typical multi-axial ball-and-socket joint.

• Ellipsoidal

  The glenohumeral joint is formed by the head of the humerus and the glenoid cavity of the scapula, being a typical multi-axial ball-and-socket joint.

• Ball-and-socket

  The glenohumeral joint is formed by the head of the humerus and the glenoid cavity of the scapula, being a typical multi-axial ball-and-socket joint.

• Saddle-shaped

  The glenohumeral joint is formed by the head of the humerus and the glenoid cavity of the scapula, being a typical multi-axial ball-and-socket joint.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The glenohumeral joint is formed by the head of the humerus and the glenoid cavity of the scapula, being a typical multi-axial ball-and-socket joint.

6. How many simple joints are enclosed in a common capsule of the elbow joint?

• Two

  The elbow joint comprises three joints: the humeroulnar, humeroradial, and proximal radioulnar joints.

• Three

  The elbow joint comprises three joints: the humeroulnar, humeroradial, and proximal radioulnar joints.

• Four

  The elbow joint comprises three joints: the humeroulnar, humeroradial, and proximal radioulnar joints.

• Five

  The elbow joint comprises three joints: the humeroulnar, humeroradial, and proximal radioulnar joints.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The elbow joint comprises three joints: the humeroulnar, humeroradial, and proximal radioulnar joints.

7. Which of the joints, part of the elbow, is a typical cylindrical joint?

• Humeroulnar joint

  The proximal radioulnar joint is formed by the articular circumference of the radius and the ulnar notch of the ulna, allowing rotation.

• Radiocapitellar joint

  The proximal radioulnar joint is formed by the articular circumference of the radius and the ulnar notch of the ulna, allowing rotation.

• Proximal radioulnar joint

  The proximal radioulnar joint is formed by the articular circumference of the radius and the ulnar notch of the ulna, allowing rotation.

• Distal radioulnar joint

  The proximal radioulnar joint is formed by the articular circumference of the radius and the ulnar notch of the ulna, allowing rotation.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The proximal radioulnar joint is formed by the articular circumference of the radius and the ulnar notch of the ulna, allowing rotation.

8. Which ligament encircles the neck of the radius and holds it against the ulna?

• Annular ligament of the radius

  The annular ligament of the radius attaches to the edges of the radial notch of the ulna, encircling the articular circumference of the radius.

• Ulnar collateral ligament

  The annular ligament of the radius attaches to the edges of the radial notch of the ulna, encircling the articular circumference of the radius.

• Radial collateral ligament

  The annular ligament of the radius attaches to the edges of the radial notch of the ulna, encircling the articular circumference of the radius.

• Quadrate ligament

  The annular ligament of the radius attaches to the edges of the radial notch of the ulna, encircling the articular circumference of the radius.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The annular ligament of the radius attaches to the edges of the radial notch of the ulna, encircling the articular circumference of the radius.

9. Which bone does not take direct part in the formation of the radiocarpal joint?

• Radius

  The ulna is separated from the radiocarpal joint by an articular disc and does not directly articulate with the carpal bones.

• Ulna

  The ulna is separated from the radiocarpal joint by an articular disc and does not directly articulate with the carpal bones.

• Navicular bone

  The ulna is separated from the radiocarpal joint by an articular disc and does not directly articulate with the carpal bones.

• Lunate bone

  The ulna is separated from the radiocarpal joint by an articular disc and does not directly articulate with the carpal bones.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The ulna is separated from the radiocarpal joint by an articular disc and does not directly articulate with the carpal bones.

10. What type of joint in terms of shape does the radiocarpal joint belong to?

• Cylinder-shaped

  The radiocarpal joint is a complex, biaxial ellipsoidal joint, allowing flexion-extension and abduction-adduction.

• Hinge

  The radiocarpal joint is a complex, biaxial ellipsoidal joint, allowing flexion-extension and abduction-adduction.

• Saddle-shaped

  The radiocarpal joint is a complex, biaxial ellipsoidal joint, allowing flexion-extension and abduction-adduction.

• Ellipsoidal

  The radiocarpal joint is a complex, biaxial ellipsoidal joint, allowing flexion-extension and abduction-adduction.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The radiocarpal joint is a complex, biaxial ellipsoidal joint, allowing flexion-extension and abduction-adduction.

11. Where is the midcarpal joint located?

• Between the bones of the proximal and distal rows of the carpus

  The midcarpal joint is located between the first (excluding the pisiform bone) and second rows of carpal bones.

• Between the forearm bones and the proximal row of the carpus

  The midcarpal joint is located between the first (excluding the pisiform bone) and second rows of carpal bones.

• Between the distal row of carpal bones and the metacarpal bones

  The midcarpal joint is located between the first (excluding the pisiform bone) and second rows of carpal bones.

• Between individual bones of the proximal carpal row

  The midcarpal joint is located between the first (excluding the pisiform bone) and second rows of carpal bones.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The midcarpal joint is located between the first (excluding the pisiform bone) and second rows of carpal bones.

12. Which joint in the hand is the classic example of a saddle joint?

• Radiocarpal joint

  The carpometacarpal joint of the first digit is formed by the trapezium and the base of the first metacarpal bone, providing high mobility.

• Carpometacarpal joint of the thumb

  The carpometacarpal joint of the first digit is formed by the trapezium and the base of the first metacarpal bone, providing high mobility.

• Metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb

  The carpometacarpal joint of the first digit is formed by the trapezium and the base of the first metacarpal bone, providing high mobility.

• Interphalangeal joint

  The carpometacarpal joint of the first digit is formed by the trapezium and the base of the first metacarpal bone, providing high mobility.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The carpometacarpal joint of the first digit is formed by the trapezium and the base of the first metacarpal bone, providing high mobility.

13. Which movement is not possible in the metacarpophalangeal joints of digits II-V?

• Flexion and extension

  The metacarpophalangeal joints are ellipsoidal (biaxial), so active rotation (circumduction) is not possible.

• Abduction and adduction

  The metacarpophalangeal joints are ellipsoidal (biaxial), so active rotation (circumduction) is not possible.

• Circumduction

  The metacarpophalangeal joints are ellipsoidal (biaxial), so active rotation (circumduction) is not possible.

• Active rotation about the longitudinal axis

  The metacarpophalangeal joints are ellipsoidal (biaxial), so active rotation (circumduction) is not possible.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The metacarpophalangeal joints are ellipsoidal (biaxial), so active rotation (circumduction) is not possible.

14. What type of joints do the interphalangeal joints of the hand belong to?

• Hinge

  The interphalangeal joints are typical uniaxial hinge joints, allowing only flexion and extension.

• Ball-and-socket

  The interphalangeal joints are typical uniaxial hinge joints, allowing only flexion and extension.

• Plane

  The interphalangeal joints are typical uniaxial hinge joints, allowing only flexion and extension.

• Cylindrical

  The interphalangeal joints are typical uniaxial hinge joints, allowing only flexion and extension.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The interphalangeal joints are typical uniaxial hinge joints, allowing only flexion and extension.

15. What is related to continuous connections (syndesmoses) of forearm bones?

• Annular ligament of the radius

  The interosseous membrane of the forearm is a fibrous membrane connecting the interosseous borders of the radius and ulna.

• Interosseous membrane of the forearm

  The interosseous membrane of the forearm is a fibrous membrane connecting the interosseous borders of the radius and ulna.

• Radial collateral ligament

  The interosseous membrane of the forearm is a fibrous membrane connecting the interosseous borders of the radius and ulna.

• Articular disc of the radiocarpal joint

  The interosseous membrane of the forearm is a fibrous membrane connecting the interosseous borders of the radius and ulna.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The interosseous membrane of the forearm is a fibrous membrane connecting the interosseous borders of the radius and ulna.

16. With which structure does the head of the humerus articulate?

• With the acromion of the scapula

  The head of the humerus articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula (cavitas glenoidalis), forming the glenohumeral joint.

• With the coracoid process of the scapula

  The head of the humerus articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula (cavitas glenoidalis), forming the glenohumeral joint.

• With the glenoid cavity of the scapula

  The head of the humerus articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula (cavitas glenoidalis), forming the glenohumeral joint.

• With the articular disc

  The head of the humerus articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula (cavitas glenoidalis), forming the glenohumeral joint.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The head of the humerus articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula (cavitas glenoidalis), forming the glenohumeral joint.

17. What increases the congruence of the articular surfaces in the glenohumeral joint?

• Articular disc

  The glenoid labrum (labrum glenoidale) attaches to the edge of the glenoid cavity of the scapula, deepening it and increasing the surface area.

• Articular meniscus

  The glenoid labrum (labrum glenoidale) attaches to the edge of the glenoid cavity of the scapula, deepening it and increasing the surface area.

• Glenoid labrum

  The glenoid labrum (labrum glenoidale) attaches to the edge of the glenoid cavity of the scapula, deepening it and increasing the surface area.

• Synovial bursa

  The glenoid labrum (labrum glenoidale) attaches to the edge of the glenoid cavity of the scapula, deepening it and increasing the surface area.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The glenoid labrum (labrum glenoidale) attaches to the edge of the glenoid cavity of the scapula, deepening it and increasing the surface area.

18. Which ligament strengthens the capsule of the glenohumeral joint anteriorly?

• Coracohumeral ligament

  The coracohumeral ligament weaves into the capsule of the glenohumeral joint anteriorly, limiting extension and lateral rotation of the arm.

• Coracoacromial ligament

  The coracohumeral ligament weaves into the capsule of the glenohumeral joint anteriorly, limiting extension and lateral rotation of the arm.

• Superior transverse scapular ligament

  The coracohumeral ligament weaves into the capsule of the glenohumeral joint anteriorly, limiting extension and lateral rotation of the arm.

• Acromioclavicular ligament

  The coracohumeral ligament weaves into the capsule of the glenohumeral joint anteriorly, limiting extension and lateral rotation of the arm.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The coracohumeral ligament weaves into the capsule of the glenohumeral joint anteriorly, limiting extension and lateral rotation of the arm.

19. In which joint does pronation and supination of the forearm occur?

• Only in the distal radioulnar

  The proximal and distal radioulnar joints form a combined cylindrical joint facilitating rotation of the radius.

• In the humeroulnar and humeroradial joints

  The proximal and distal radioulnar joints form a combined cylindrical joint facilitating rotation of the radius.

• In the proximal and distal radioulnar joints

  The proximal and distal radioulnar joints form a combined cylindrical joint facilitating rotation of the radius.

• In the radiocarpal joint

  The proximal and distal radioulnar joints form a combined cylindrical joint facilitating rotation of the radius.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The proximal and distal radioulnar joints form a combined cylindrical joint facilitating rotation of the radius.

20. Which joint is classified as a plane multiaxial but slightly movable joint (amphiarthrosis)?

• Sternoclavicular joint

  The carpometacarpal joints of fingers II-V are plane, rigid joints firmly connected by ligaments (the firm base of the hand).

• Radiocapitellar joint

  The carpometacarpal joints of fingers II-V are plane, rigid joints firmly connected by ligaments (the firm base of the hand).

• Carpometacarpal joint of the thumb

  The carpometacarpal joints of fingers II-V are plane, rigid joints firmly connected by ligaments (the firm base of the hand).

• Carpometacarpal joints of fingers II-V

  The carpometacarpal joints of fingers II-V are plane, rigid joints firmly connected by ligaments (the firm base of the hand).

• I find it difficult to answer

  The carpometacarpal joints of fingers II-V are plane, rigid joints firmly connected by ligaments (the firm base of the hand).