Test on the anatomy of the muscles of the pelvic girdle
Assess your knowledge of the anatomy of the muscles of the pelvic girdle. The test strictly assesses their topography, blood supply sources, and innervation areas.
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1. Which nerve innervates the gluteus maximus muscle?
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n. gluteus superior
The gluteus maximus is innervated by the inferior gluteal nerve (L5-S2), exiting through the infrapiriform foramen.
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n. pudendus
The gluteus maximus is innervated by the inferior gluteal nerve (L5-S2), exiting through the infrapiriform foramen.
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n. ischiadicus
The gluteus maximus is innervated by the inferior gluteal nerve (L5-S2), exiting through the infrapiriform foramen.
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n. gluteus inferior
The gluteus maximus is innervated by the inferior gluteal nerve (L5-S2), exiting through the infrapiriform foramen.
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I find it difficult to answer
The gluteus maximus is innervated by the inferior gluteal nerve (L5-S2), exiting through the infrapiriform foramen.
2. Which artery is the primary source of blood supply to the gluteus medius muscle?
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a. gluteus superior
The gluteus medius is primarily supplied by the superior gluteal artery, whose deep branch runs between the gluteus medius and minimus muscles.
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a. gluteus inferior
The gluteus medius is primarily supplied by the superior gluteal artery, whose deep branch runs between the gluteus medius and minimus muscles.
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a. obturator
The gluteus medius is primarily supplied by the superior gluteal artery, whose deep branch runs between the gluteus medius and minimus muscles.
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a. pudendal internal
The gluteus medius is primarily supplied by the superior gluteal artery, whose deep branch runs between the gluteus medius and minimus muscles.
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I find it difficult to answer
The gluteus medius is primarily supplied by the superior gluteal artery, whose deep branch runs between the gluteus medius and minimus muscles.
3. What is the innervation of the iliopsoas muscle (m. iliopsoas)?
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n. obturator
The iliopsoas muscle is innervated by short muscular branches of the lumbar plexus (Th12-L4) and branches of the femoral nerve.
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Muscular branches of the lumbar plexus and n. femoral
The iliopsoas muscle is innervated by short muscular branches of the lumbar plexus (Th12-L4) and branches of the femoral nerve.
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n. gluteus superior
The iliopsoas muscle is innervated by short muscular branches of the lumbar plexus (Th12-L4) and branches of the femoral nerve.
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n. ischiadicus
The iliopsoas muscle is innervated by short muscular branches of the lumbar plexus (Th12-L4) and branches of the femoral nerve.
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I find it difficult to answer
The iliopsoas muscle is innervated by short muscular branches of the lumbar plexus (Th12-L4) and branches of the femoral nerve.
4. Which vessels supply the tensor fasciae latae muscle (m. tensor fasciae latae)?
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a. gluteus inferior
The tensor fasciae latae is supplied by branches of the superior gluteal artery and the lateral artery circumflexing the femur.
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a. circumflex femoris medialis
The tensor fasciae latae is supplied by branches of the superior gluteal artery and the lateral artery circumflexing the femur.
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a. gluteus superior and a. circumflex femoris lateralis
The tensor fasciae latae is supplied by branches of the superior gluteal artery and the lateral artery circumflexing the femur.
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a. obturator
The tensor fasciae latae is supplied by branches of the superior gluteal artery and the lateral artery circumflexing the femur.
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I find it difficult to answer
The tensor fasciae latae is supplied by branches of the superior gluteal artery and the lateral artery circumflexing the femur.
5. Identify the source of innervation for the piriformis muscle (m. piriformis).
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n. gluteus superior
The piriformis muscle receives motor innervation directly from short muscular branches of the sacral plexus (S1-S2).
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n. gluteus inferior
The piriformis muscle receives motor innervation directly from short muscular branches of the sacral plexus (S1-S2).
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Direct muscular branches of the sacral plexus (S1-S2)
The piriformis muscle receives motor innervation directly from short muscular branches of the sacral plexus (S1-S2).
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n. pudendus
The piriformis muscle receives motor innervation directly from short muscular branches of the sacral plexus (S1-S2).
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I find it difficult to answer
The piriformis muscle receives motor innervation directly from short muscular branches of the sacral plexus (S1-S2).
6. Which arteries provide blood supply to the internal obturator muscle?
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a. gluteus superior
The internal obturator muscle is supplied by branches of the internal pudendal and obturator arteries.
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a. pudendal internal and a. obturator
The internal obturator muscle is supplied by branches of the internal pudendal and obturator arteries.
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a. pudendal external
The internal obturator muscle is supplied by branches of the internal pudendal and obturator arteries.
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a. epigastrica inferior
The internal obturator muscle is supplied by branches of the internal pudendal and obturator arteries.
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I find it difficult to answer
The internal obturator muscle is supplied by branches of the internal pudendal and obturator arteries.
7. Which nerve provides motor innervation to the external obturator muscle?
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n. obturator
The external obturator muscle is innervated by the obturator nerve (L2-L4), a branch of the lumbar plexus.
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n. femoral
The external obturator muscle is innervated by the obturator nerve (L2-L4), a branch of the lumbar plexus.
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n. ischiadicus
The external obturator muscle is innervated by the obturator nerve (L2-L4), a branch of the lumbar plexus.
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n. quadratus femoris muscle
The external obturator muscle is innervated by the obturator nerve (L2-L4), a branch of the lumbar plexus.
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I find it difficult to answer
The external obturator muscle is innervated by the obturator nerve (L2-L4), a branch of the lumbar plexus.
8. Which artery contributes to the blood supply of the quadratus femoris muscle?
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a. circumflex femoris lateralis
The quadratus femoris muscle is supplied by the medial artery circumflexing the femur and branches of the inferior gluteal artery.
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a. gluteus superior
The quadratus femoris muscle is supplied by the medial artery circumflexing the femur and branches of the inferior gluteal artery.
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a. pudendal internal
The quadratus femoris muscle is supplied by the medial artery circumflexing the femur and branches of the inferior gluteal artery.
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a. circumflex femoris medialis and a. gluteus inferior
The quadratus femoris muscle is supplied by the medial artery circumflexing the femur and branches of the inferior gluteal artery.
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I find it difficult to answer
The quadratus femoris muscle is supplied by the medial artery circumflexing the femur and branches of the inferior gluteal artery.
9. Which nerve innervates the gluteus minimus muscle?
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n. gluteus inferior
The gluteus minimus, along with the gluteus medius and tensor fasciae latae, is innervated by the superior gluteal nerve.
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n. gluteus superior
The gluteus minimus, along with the gluteus medius and tensor fasciae latae, is innervated by the superior gluteal nerve.
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n. piriformis muscle
The gluteus minimus, along with the gluteus medius and tensor fasciae latae, is innervated by the superior gluteal nerve.
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n. ischiadicus
The gluteus minimus, along with the gluteus medius and tensor fasciae latae, is innervated by the superior gluteal nerve.
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I find it difficult to answer
The gluteus minimus, along with the gluteus medius and tensor fasciae latae, is innervated by the superior gluteal nerve.
10. Which artery leaves the pelvic cavity through the suprapiriform foramen to supply the muscles of the pelvic girdle?
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a. gluteus inferior
The superior gluteal artery exits the pelvic cavity through the suprapiriform foramen to supply the gluteal muscles.
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a. pudendal internal
The superior gluteal artery exits the pelvic cavity through the suprapiriform foramen to supply the gluteal muscles.
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a. gluteus superior
The superior gluteal artery exits the pelvic cavity through the suprapiriform foramen to supply the gluteal muscles.
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a. obturator
The superior gluteal artery exits the pelvic cavity through the suprapiriform foramen to supply the gluteal muscles.
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I find it difficult to answer
The superior gluteal artery exits the pelvic cavity through the suprapiriform foramen to supply the gluteal muscles.
11. What is the innervation of the superior gemellus muscle?
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n. quadratus femoris muscle
The superior gemellus muscle is innervated by the nerve to the internal obturator muscle (a branch of the sacral plexus).
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n. gluteus superior
The superior gemellus muscle is innervated by the nerve to the internal obturator muscle (a branch of the sacral plexus).
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n. gluteus inferior
The superior gemellus muscle is innervated by the nerve to the internal obturator muscle (a branch of the sacral plexus).
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n. muscles of the internal obturator
The superior gemellus muscle is innervated by the nerve to the internal obturator muscle (a branch of the sacral plexus).
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I find it difficult to answer
The superior gemellus muscle is innervated by the nerve to the internal obturator muscle (a branch of the sacral plexus).
12. What is the innervation of the inferior gemellus muscle?
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n. quadratus femoris muscle
The inferior gemellus muscle is innervated by the nerve to the quadratus femoris muscle (a branch of the sacral plexus).
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n. muscles of the internal obturator
The inferior gemellus muscle is innervated by the nerve to the quadratus femoris muscle (a branch of the sacral plexus).
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n. pudendus
The inferior gemellus muscle is innervated by the nerve to the quadratus femoris muscle (a branch of the sacral plexus).
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n. obturator
The inferior gemellus muscle is innervated by the nerve to the quadratus femoris muscle (a branch of the sacral plexus).
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I find it difficult to answer
The inferior gemellus muscle is innervated by the nerve to the quadratus femoris muscle (a branch of the sacral plexus).
13. Which muscle of the pelvic girdle is supplied by the iliacus branch of the iliolumbar artery?
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m. gluteus maximus
The iliacus branch of the iliolumbar artery supplies the iliacus muscle (part of the iliopsoas) and the iliac crest.
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m. iliacus
The iliacus branch of the iliolumbar artery supplies the iliacus muscle (part of the iliopsoas) and the iliac crest.
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m. piriformis
The iliacus branch of the iliolumbar artery supplies the iliacus muscle (part of the iliopsoas) and the iliac crest.
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m. obturatorius internus
The iliacus branch of the iliolumbar artery supplies the iliacus muscle (part of the iliopsoas) and the iliac crest.
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I find it difficult to answer
The iliacus branch of the iliolumbar artery supplies the iliacus muscle (part of the iliopsoas) and the iliac crest.
14. From which artery does the artery accompanying the sciatic nerve (a. comitans nervi ischiadici) branch from?
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a. gluteus inferior
The artery accompanying the sciatic nerve branches from the inferior gluteal artery, supplying the nerve itself and surrounding tissues.
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a. gluteus superior
The artery accompanying the sciatic nerve branches from the inferior gluteal artery, supplying the nerve itself and surrounding tissues.
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a. pudendal internal
The artery accompanying the sciatic nerve branches from the inferior gluteal artery, supplying the nerve itself and surrounding tissues.
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a. deep femoral
The artery accompanying the sciatic nerve branches from the inferior gluteal artery, supplying the nerve itself and surrounding tissues.
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I find it difficult to answer
The artery accompanying the sciatic nerve branches from the inferior gluteal artery, supplying the nerve itself and surrounding tissues.
15. From what source does the psoas minor muscle (m. psoas minor) receive innervation?
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n. femoral
The small psoas muscle (if present) is innervated by short muscular branches of the lumbar plexus.
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n. obturator
The small psoas muscle (if present) is innervated by short muscular branches of the lumbar plexus.
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Direct muscular branches of the lumbar plexus (L1-L2)
The small psoas muscle (if present) is innervated by short muscular branches of the lumbar plexus.
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n. subcostalis
The small psoas muscle (if present) is innervated by short muscular branches of the lumbar plexus.
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I find it difficult to answer
The small psoas muscle (if present) is innervated by short muscular branches of the lumbar plexus.
16. Which artery forms anastomoses around the hip joint and supplies the obturator externus muscle?
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a. circumflex femoris lateralis
The medial femoral circumflex artery partakes in the formation of a cruciate anastomosis and supplies the quadratus femoris and obturator externus muscles.
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a. circumflex femoris medialis
The medial femoral circumflex artery partakes in the formation of a cruciate anastomosis and supplies the quadratus femoris and obturator externus muscles.
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a. circumflexa ilium superficialis
The medial femoral circumflex artery partakes in the formation of a cruciate anastomosis and supplies the quadratus femoris and obturator externus muscles.
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a. epigastrica inferior
The medial femoral circumflex artery partakes in the formation of a cruciate anastomosis and supplies the quadratus femoris and obturator externus muscles.
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I find it difficult to answer
The medial femoral circumflex artery partakes in the formation of a cruciate anastomosis and supplies the quadratus femoris and obturator externus muscles.
17. For which of the listed muscles is the inferior gluteal nerve the only source of motor innervation?
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m. gluteus medius
The inferior gluteal nerve is a motor nerve exclusively for the gluteus maximus muscle.
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m. gluteus minimus
The inferior gluteal nerve is a motor nerve exclusively for the gluteus maximus muscle.
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m. tensor fasciae latae
The inferior gluteal nerve is a motor nerve exclusively for the gluteus maximus muscle.
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m. gluteus maximus
The inferior gluteal nerve is a motor nerve exclusively for the gluteus maximus muscle.
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I find it difficult to answer
The inferior gluteal nerve is a motor nerve exclusively for the gluteus maximus muscle.
18. Which nerve exits the pelvic cavity through the infrapiriform foramen along with the vessels of the same name?
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n. gluteus superior
The inferior gluteal nerve exits the pelvic cavity through the infrapiriform foramen together with the artery and vein of the same name, along with the sciatic nerve.
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n. gluteus inferior
The inferior gluteal nerve exits the pelvic cavity through the infrapiriform foramen together with the artery and vein of the same name, along with the sciatic nerve.
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n. obturator
The inferior gluteal nerve exits the pelvic cavity through the infrapiriform foramen together with the artery and vein of the same name, along with the sciatic nerve.
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n. femoral
The inferior gluteal nerve exits the pelvic cavity through the infrapiriform foramen together with the artery and vein of the same name, along with the sciatic nerve.
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I find it difficult to answer
The inferior gluteal nerve exits the pelvic cavity through the infrapiriform foramen together with the artery and vein of the same name, along with the sciatic nerve.
19. Which vessels primarily supply the deep layers of the gluteus maximus muscle?
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a. pudendal internal
The gluteus maximus muscle has ample blood supply through branches of both the inferior and superior gluteal arteries.
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a. circumflex femoris lateralis
The gluteus maximus muscle has ample blood supply through branches of both the inferior and superior gluteal arteries.
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a. glutea inferior and a. gluteus superior
The gluteus maximus muscle has ample blood supply through branches of both the inferior and superior gluteal arteries.
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a. obturator
The gluteus maximus muscle has ample blood supply through branches of both the inferior and superior gluteal arteries.
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I find it difficult to answer
The gluteus maximus muscle has ample blood supply through branches of both the inferior and superior gluteal arteries.
20. Which pelvic girdle muscle is innervated by the obturator nerve?
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m. obturatorius internus
The obturator nerve innervates the obturator externus muscle, while the obturator internus muscle is innervated by branches of the sacral plexus.
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m. piriformis
The obturator nerve innervates the obturator externus muscle, while the obturator internus muscle is innervated by branches of the sacral plexus.
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m. quadratus femoris
The obturator nerve innervates the obturator externus muscle, while the obturator internus muscle is innervated by branches of the sacral plexus.
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m. obturatorius externus
The obturator nerve innervates the obturator externus muscle, while the obturator internus muscle is innervated by branches of the sacral plexus.
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I find it difficult to answer
The obturator nerve innervates the obturator externus muscle, while the obturator internus muscle is innervated by branches of the sacral plexus.
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