Anatomy test of the organ of hearing

1. Which artery supplies the anterior surface of the auricle?

• Anterior auricular branch of the superficial temporal artery

  The anterior surface of the auricle is supplied by the anterior auricular branches (rr. auriculares anteriores) originating from the superficial temporal artery.

• Posterior auricular artery

  The anterior surface of the auricle is supplied by the anterior auricular branches (rr. auriculares anteriores) originating from the superficial temporal artery.

• Occipital artery

  The anterior surface of the auricle is supplied by the anterior auricular branches (rr. auriculares anteriores) originating from the superficial temporal artery.

• Supraorbital artery

  The anterior surface of the auricle is supplied by the anterior auricular branches (rr. auriculares anteriores) originating from the superficial temporal artery.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The anterior surface of the auricle is supplied by the anterior auricular branches (rr. auriculares anteriores) originating from the superficial temporal artery.

2. Which nerve provides sensory innervation to the lower part of the auricle and the earlobe?

• Lesser occipital nerve

  The great auricular nerve (n. auricularis magnus) of the cervical plexus innervates the skin of the lower part of the auricle, including the earlobe.

• Auriculotemporal nerve

  The great auricular nerve (n. auricularis magnus) of the cervical plexus innervates the skin of the lower part of the auricle, including the earlobe.

• Great auricular nerve

  The great auricular nerve (n. auricularis magnus) of the cervical plexus innervates the skin of the lower part of the auricle, including the earlobe.

• Vagus nerve

  The great auricular nerve (n. auricularis magnus) of the cervical plexus innervates the skin of the lower part of the auricle, including the earlobe.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The great auricular nerve (n. auricularis magnus) of the cervical plexus innervates the skin of the lower part of the auricle, including the earlobe.

3. From which artery does the deep auricular artery (a. auricularis profunda), supplying the external acoustic meatus, originate?

• Facial artery

  The deep auricular artery is a branch of the first (mandibular) part of the maxillary artery.

• Ascending pharyngeal artery

  The deep auricular artery is a branch of the first (mandibular) part of the maxillary artery.

• Superficial temporal artery

  The deep auricular artery is a branch of the first (mandibular) part of the maxillary artery.

• Maxillary artery

  The deep auricular artery is a branch of the first (mandibular) part of the maxillary artery.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The deep auricular artery is a branch of the first (mandibular) part of the maxillary artery.

4. The auricular branch (r. auricularis), which innervates the posterior wall of the external auditory canal, is a branch of which cranial nerve?

• Trigeminal nerve (V)

  The auricular branch (Arnold's nerve) arises from the vagus nerve and innervates the posterior and inferior walls of the external acoustic meatus.

• Vagus nerve (X)

  The auricular branch (Arnold's nerve) arises from the vagus nerve and innervates the posterior and inferior walls of the external acoustic meatus.

• Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)

  The auricular branch (Arnold's nerve) arises from the vagus nerve and innervates the posterior and inferior walls of the external acoustic meatus.

• Facial nerve (VII)

  The auricular branch (Arnold's nerve) arises from the vagus nerve and innervates the posterior and inferior walls of the external acoustic meatus.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The auricular branch (Arnold's nerve) arises from the vagus nerve and innervates the posterior and inferior walls of the external acoustic meatus.

5. Which source provides arterial blood to the outer surface of the tympanic membrane?

• Deep auricular artery

  The outer surface of the tympanic membrane is supplied by the deep auricular artery, while the inner surface by the anterior tympanic artery.

• Anterior tympanic artery

  The outer surface of the tympanic membrane is supplied by the deep auricular artery, while the inner surface by the anterior tympanic artery.

• Stylomastoid artery

  The outer surface of the tympanic membrane is supplied by the deep auricular artery, while the inner surface by the anterior tympanic artery.

• Middle meningeal artery

  The outer surface of the tympanic membrane is supplied by the deep auricular artery, while the inner surface by the anterior tympanic artery.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The outer surface of the tympanic membrane is supplied by the deep auricular artery, while the inner surface by the anterior tympanic artery.

6. Which muscle of the tympanic cavity is innervated by a branch of the trigeminal nerve?

• Levator veli palatini

  The tensor tympani muscle (m. tensor tympani) is innervated by the homonymous nerve, which branches out from the mandibular nerve (V3).

• Stapedius muscle

  The tensor tympani muscle (m. tensor tympani) is innervated by the homonymous nerve, which branches out from the mandibular nerve (V3).

• Tensor tympani

  The tensor tympani muscle (m. tensor tympani) is innervated by the homonymous nerve, which branches out from the mandibular nerve (V3).

• Tube-pharyngeal muscle

  The tensor tympani muscle (m. tensor tympani) is innervated by the homonymous nerve, which branches out from the mandibular nerve (V3).

• I find it difficult to answer

  The tensor tympani muscle (m. tensor tympani) is innervated by the homonymous nerve, which branches out from the mandibular nerve (V3).

7. Which nerve carries motor innervation to the stapedius muscle (m. stapedius)?

• Trigeminal nerve.

  The stapedius muscle is innervated by the stapedius nerve (n. stapedius), a branch of the facial nerve (VII pair) within the facial canal.

• Glossopharyngeal nerve

  The stapedius muscle is innervated by the stapedius nerve (n. stapedius), a branch of the facial nerve (VII pair) within the facial canal.

• Vagus nerve

  The stapedius muscle is innervated by the stapedius nerve (n. stapedius), a branch of the facial nerve (VII pair) within the facial canal.

• Facial nerve

  The stapedius muscle is innervated by the stapedius nerve (n. stapedius), a branch of the facial nerve (VII pair) within the facial canal.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The stapedius muscle is innervated by the stapedius nerve (n. stapedius), a branch of the facial nerve (VII pair) within the facial canal.

8. The inferior tympanic artery (a. tympanica inferior) arises from which artery?

• Internal carotid artery

  The inferior tympanic artery arises from the ascending pharyngeal artery (a branch of the external carotid artery) and passes through the tympanic canaliculus.

• Ascending pharyngeal artery

  The inferior tympanic artery arises from the ascending pharyngeal artery (a branch of the external carotid artery) and passes through the tympanic canaliculus.

• Maxillary artery

  The inferior tympanic artery arises from the ascending pharyngeal artery (a branch of the external carotid artery) and passes through the tympanic canaliculus.

• Superficial temporal artery

  The inferior tympanic artery arises from the ascending pharyngeal artery (a branch of the external carotid artery) and passes through the tympanic canaliculus.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The inferior tympanic artery arises from the ascending pharyngeal artery (a branch of the external carotid artery) and passes through the tympanic canaliculus.

9. The superior tympanic artery (a. tympanica superior) branches from which artery?

• Middle meningeal artery

  The superior tympanic artery arises from the middle meningeal artery and penetrates the tympanic cavity through the semi-canal of the tensor tympani muscle.

• Facial artery

  The superior tympanic artery arises from the middle meningeal artery and penetrates the tympanic cavity through the semi-canal of the tensor tympani muscle.

• Occipital artery

  The superior tympanic artery arises from the middle meningeal artery and penetrates the tympanic cavity through the semi-canal of the tensor tympani muscle.

• Internal carotid artery

  The superior tympanic artery arises from the middle meningeal artery and penetrates the tympanic cavity through the semi-canal of the tensor tympani muscle.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The superior tympanic artery arises from the middle meningeal artery and penetrates the tympanic cavity through the semi-canal of the tensor tympani muscle.

10. Which nerve forms the tympanic plexus (plexus tympanicus) on the promontory of the medial wall of the tympanic cavity?

• Greater petrosal nerve

  The tympanic plexus is formed by the tympanic nerve (n. tympanicus, branch of CN IX) with the involvement of sympathetic caroticotympanic nerves.

• Lesser petrosal nerve

  The tympanic plexus is formed by the tympanic nerve (n. tympanicus, branch of CN IX) with the involvement of sympathetic caroticotympanic nerves.

• Tympanic nerve

  The tympanic plexus is formed by the tympanic nerve (n. tympanicus, branch of CN IX) with the involvement of sympathetic caroticotympanic nerves.

• Chorda tympani

  The tympanic plexus is formed by the tympanic nerve (n. tympanicus, branch of CN IX) with the involvement of sympathetic caroticotympanic nerves.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The tympanic plexus is formed by the tympanic nerve (n. tympanicus, branch of CN IX) with the involvement of sympathetic caroticotympanic nerves.

11. Which artery passes through the petrotympanic fissure to supply the tympanic cavity?

• Posterior tympanic artery

  The anterior tympanic artery (a branch of the maxillary artery) penetrates the tympanic cavity through the fissura petrotympanica along with the chorda tympani.

• Anterior tympanic artery

  The anterior tympanic artery (a branch of the maxillary artery) penetrates the tympanic cavity through the fissura petrotympanica along with the chorda tympani.

• Superior tympanic artery

  The anterior tympanic artery (a branch of the maxillary artery) penetrates the tympanic cavity through the fissura petrotympanica along with the chorda tympani.

• Inferior tympanic artery

  The anterior tympanic artery (a branch of the maxillary artery) penetrates the tympanic cavity through the fissura petrotympanica along with the chorda tympani.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The anterior tympanic artery (a branch of the maxillary artery) penetrates the tympanic cavity through the fissura petrotympanica along with the chorda tympani.

12. Where does the labyrinthine artery (a. labyrinthi), supplying the internal ear, typically originate?

• Posterior inferior cerebellar artery

  The labyrinthine artery most commonly originates from the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) or directly from the basilar artery.

• Internal carotid artery

  The labyrinthine artery most commonly originates from the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) or directly from the basilar artery.

• Vertebral artery

  The labyrinthine artery most commonly originates from the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) or directly from the basilar artery.

• Anterior inferior cerebellar artery

  The labyrinthine artery most commonly originates from the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) or directly from the basilar artery.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The labyrinthine artery most commonly originates from the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) or directly from the basilar artery.

13. Where does the venous drainage from the internal ear, via the veins of the labyrinth (vv. labyrinthi), primarily flow?

• Cavernous sinus

  Veins of the labyrinth exit through the internal acoustic meatus and primarily drain into the inferior petrosal sinus or the superior bulb of the jugular vein.

• Superior sagittal sinus

  Veins of the labyrinth exit through the internal acoustic meatus and primarily drain into the inferior petrosal sinus or the superior bulb of the jugular vein.

• Inferior petrosal sinus

  Veins of the labyrinth exit through the internal acoustic meatus and primarily drain into the inferior petrosal sinus or the superior bulb of the jugular vein.

• Straight sinus

  Veins of the labyrinth exit through the internal acoustic meatus and primarily drain into the inferior petrosal sinus or the superior bulb of the jugular vein.

• I find it difficult to answer

  Veins of the labyrinth exit through the internal acoustic meatus and primarily drain into the inferior petrosal sinus or the superior bulb of the jugular vein.

14. Which structure provides sensory innervation to the mucous membrane of the auditory (Eustachian) tube?

• Tympanic plexus

  The mucous membrane of the auditory tube is innervated by branches of the tympanic plexus (plexus tympanicus), which is formed by the glossopharyngeal nerve.

• Chorda tympani

  The mucous membrane of the auditory tube is innervated by branches of the tympanic plexus (plexus tympanicus), which is formed by the glossopharyngeal nerve.

• Auriculotemporal nerve

  The mucous membrane of the auditory tube is innervated by branches of the tympanic plexus (plexus tympanicus), which is formed by the glossopharyngeal nerve.

• Greater palatine nerve

  The mucous membrane of the auditory tube is innervated by branches of the tympanic plexus (plexus tympanicus), which is formed by the glossopharyngeal nerve.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The mucous membrane of the auditory tube is innervated by branches of the tympanic plexus (plexus tympanicus), which is formed by the glossopharyngeal nerve.

15. Which artery is the primary source of blood supply to the posterior surface of the auricle?

• Superficial temporal artery

  The posterior surface of the auricle is supplied by the posterior auricular artery (a. auricularis posterior), originating from the external carotid artery.

• Occipital artery

  The posterior surface of the auricle is supplied by the posterior auricular artery (a. auricularis posterior), originating from the external carotid artery.

• Deep auricular artery

  The posterior surface of the auricle is supplied by the posterior auricular artery (a. auricularis posterior), originating from the external carotid artery.

• Posterior auricular artery

  The posterior surface of the auricle is supplied by the posterior auricular artery (a. auricularis posterior), originating from the external carotid artery.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The posterior surface of the auricle is supplied by the posterior auricular artery (a. auricularis posterior), originating from the external carotid artery.

16. Where is the spiral ganglion (ganglion spirale) containing the cell bodies of the first neurons of the auditory pathway located?

• Internal acoustic meatus

  The spiral ganglion of the cochlea is located in the spiral canal of the modiolus (canalis spiralis modioli) at the base of the osseous spiral lamina.

• Base of the spiral lamina of the cochlea

  The spiral ganglion of the cochlea is located in the spiral canal of the modiolus (canalis spiralis modioli) at the base of the osseous spiral lamina.

• Rosenmüller's fossa

  The spiral ganglion of the cochlea is located in the spiral canal of the modiolus (canalis spiralis modioli) at the base of the osseous spiral lamina.

• Endolymphatic duct

  The spiral ganglion of the cochlea is located in the spiral canal of the modiolus (canalis spiralis modioli) at the base of the osseous spiral lamina.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The spiral ganglion of the cochlea is located in the spiral canal of the modiolus (canalis spiralis modioli) at the base of the osseous spiral lamina.

17. Which nerve carries the parasympathetic fibers passing through the tympanic cavity without innervating its structures?

• Tympanic nerve

  The chorda tympani crosses the tympanic cavity without giving off its branches, and carries taste and parasympathetic fibers to the tongue and salivary glands.

• Lesser petrosal nerve

  The chorda tympani crosses the tympanic cavity without giving off its branches, and carries taste and parasympathetic fibers to the tongue and salivary glands.

• Chorda tympani

  The chorda tympani crosses the tympanic cavity without giving off its branches, and carries taste and parasympathetic fibers to the tongue and salivary glands.

• Greater petrosal nerve

  The chorda tympani crosses the tympanic cavity without giving off its branches, and carries taste and parasympathetic fibers to the tongue and salivary glands.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The chorda tympani crosses the tympanic cavity without giving off its branches, and carries taste and parasympathetic fibers to the tongue and salivary glands.

18. Which artery, giving off the posterior tympanic artery, passes through the facial canal?

• Stylomastoid artery

  The stylomastoid artery (a. stylomastoidea), a branch of the posterior auricular artery, passes through the facial canal and gives off the posterior tympanic artery.

• Anterior tympanic artery

  The stylomastoid artery (a. stylomastoidea), a branch of the posterior auricular artery, passes through the facial canal and gives off the posterior tympanic artery.

• Middle meningeal artery

  The stylomastoid artery (a. stylomastoidea), a branch of the posterior auricular artery, passes through the facial canal and gives off the posterior tympanic artery.

• Ascending pharyngeal artery

  The stylomastoid artery (a. stylomastoidea), a branch of the posterior auricular artery, passes through the facial canal and gives off the posterior tympanic artery.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The stylomastoid artery (a. stylomastoidea), a branch of the posterior auricular artery, passes through the facial canal and gives off the posterior tympanic artery.

19. Where is the vestibular ganglion (ganglion vestibulare), containing the cell bodies of bipolar neurons of the vestibular analyzer, located?

• Tympanic cavity

  The vestibular ganglion (Scarpa's ganglion) is located at the base of the internal acoustic meatus (meatus acusticus internus).

• Vestibule of the labyrinth

  The vestibular ganglion (Scarpa's ganglion) is located at the base of the internal acoustic meatus (meatus acusticus internus).

• Cochlear aqueduct

  The vestibular ganglion (Scarpa's ganglion) is located at the base of the internal acoustic meatus (meatus acusticus internus).

• Internal acoustic meatus

  The vestibular ganglion (Scarpa's ganglion) is located at the base of the internal acoustic meatus (meatus acusticus internus).

• I find it difficult to answer

  The vestibular ganglion (Scarpa's ganglion) is located at the base of the internal acoustic meatus (meatus acusticus internus).

20. From which artery do the caroticotympanic arteries (aa. caroticotympanicae), participating in the blood supply of the tympanic cavity, arise?

• External carotid artery

  The caroticotympanic arteries are thin branches of the petrous part of the internal carotid artery, penetrating the tympanic cavity.

• Internal carotid artery

  The caroticotympanic arteries are thin branches of the petrous part of the internal carotid artery, penetrating the tympanic cavity.

• Common carotid artery

  The caroticotympanic arteries are thin branches of the petrous part of the internal carotid artery, penetrating the tympanic cavity.

• Ascending cervical artery

  The caroticotympanic arteries are thin branches of the petrous part of the internal carotid artery, penetrating the tympanic cavity.

• I find it difficult to answer

  The caroticotympanic arteries are thin branches of the petrous part of the internal carotid artery, penetrating the tympanic cavity.